17.3DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR MASS BY MOLECULAR ION PEAK|QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS|UNIT:17|CHEM|GRADE:12

Описание: 17.3 — Determination of Molecular Mass by Molecular Ion Peak
(Qualitative Analysis — Unit 17, Chemistry, Grade 12, FBISE)

The molecular ion peak is one of the most important features in a mass spectrum. When an organic compound is bombarded with high-energy electrons in a mass spectrometer, it forms a molecular ion (M⁺·) by losing a single electron. This ion has the same mass as the parent molecule, so its position on the mass spectrum directly indicates the molecular mass of the compound.

The molecular ion peak usually appears at the highest m/z value among significant peaks (excluding isotopic peaks). By identifying this peak, chemists can quickly determine the molecular mass and use it as the starting point for structural analysis. The presence, intensity, and stability of the molecular ion also provide information about the compound’s structure, functional groups, and possible fragmentation pathways. Thus, the molecular ion peak serves as a crucial tool in qualitative analysis for identifying unknown organic substances.

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