SAP S/4 Hana Lec.21 Standard Coonfigurations of Sales and Distribution for Sales & Invoices in AR.

Описание: 1. Overview

In SAP S/4HANA, Sales & Distribution (SD) handles sales processes, order-to-cash cycles, and invoicing, while Accounts Receivable (AR) in FI manages customer-related postings and incoming payments. Proper configuration ensures seamless integration between SD and FI.

Key Areas Covered in Standard Configuration:

Sales Document Types

Item Categories

Pricing Procedures

Account Determination

Billing Document Types

Integration with AR (FI)

2. Sales Document Types

Purpose: Defines how a sales order behaves (e.g., order, quotation, return order).

Standard Configurations:

Field Standard Example Description
Sales Document Type OR Standard Sales Order
Billing Relevance X Determines if order generates billing document
Copy Control SD → Billing Controls how data is copied from order to invoice

Transaction Codes:

VOV8 → Maintain Sales Document Types

VOV7 → Item Categories Assignment

Key Points:

Sales doc types determine if revenue is recognized immediately or later.

Pre-configured document types like OR (Order), CR (Credit Memo), F2 (Invoice) exist.

3. Item Categories

Purpose: Controls how individual items behave in sales orders.

Common Standard Items:

TAN → Standard item

TANN → Free-of-charge item

Key Settings:

Delivery relevance (Yes/No)

Billing relevance (Yes/No)

Pricing relevance (Yes/No)

Transaction Code:

VOV7 → Define Item Categories

4. Pricing Procedure

Purpose: Determines how prices, discounts, surcharges, and taxes are calculated.

Standard Configurations:

Condition Types → PR00 (Price), MWST (Tax), SKTO (Discount)

Access Sequence → Sequence in which SAP searches condition records

Pricing Procedure → Groups all condition types for SD document

Transactions:

V/08 → Define Pricing Procedure

V/06 → Condition Types

V/07 → Access Sequences

Integration:

Taxes in SD are posted automatically to FI using condition types like MWST.

5. Account Determination (SD → FI)

Purpose: Ensure SD postings correctly flow to GL accounts in AR.

Key Areas:

Step Standard Config
Revenue Accounts V/06 condition for revenue account assignment
Tax Accounts Automatic posting to tax GL accounts
Customer Accounts AR postings are created automatically for billed customers

Configuration Path:
SPRO → SAP Reference IMG → Sales & Distribution → Basic Functions → Account Assignment / Automatic Posting

Important Tables:

T030 → G/L Account Determination

T006 → Valuation Classes

T077S → Revenue Account Determination

Checkpoints:

Customer master must have reconciliation account in AR.

Material master should have valuation class to map revenue accounts.

6. Billing Document Types

Purpose: Determines how invoices are generated from sales orders or deliveries.

Standard Invoice Types:

Type Description
F2 Customer Invoice
G2 Credit Memo
L2 Debit Memo

Settings in Billing Doc Type:

Reference to SD Document Type

Update control → Post to FI automatically

Output type → Print or email invoice

Transaction Codes:

VOFA → Maintain Billing Document Types

VF01 → Create Billing Document

VF02 → Change Billing Document

7. Integration with Accounts Receivable

Flow:

Sales Order → Delivery → Billing Document

Billing Document → FI Invoice Posting → AR Customer Account updated

Key Points:

Posting Key: 01 → Customer Debit

Customer reconciliation account is updated automatically.

Tax is posted to appropriate tax GL automatically.

Transactions for Checking AR postings:

FBL5N → Customer Line Items

FB03 → Document Display

VF03 → Billing Document Display

8. Standard Configurations Checklist

Sales Document Types configured (OR, CR, etc.)

Item Categories assigned correctly

Pricing Procedure maintained with condition types

Account Determination: Revenue & Tax accounts mapped

Billing Document Types set for automatic FI posting

Customer Master has AR reconciliation account

Material Master has valuation class for revenue account

9. Optional Enhancements

Output Determination → Print, Email invoices automatically

Credit Management → Control customer credit limits

Special G/L Transactions → Down payments, Guarantees