Pharmacy Practice (26) Drug Store Management & Inventory Control (Part 01) = Introduction

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DRUG STORE MANAGEMENT AND INVENTORY CONTROL
Drug Store
A drug Store/Pharmacy/Community Pharmacy/chemist is a retail shop that provides prescription drugs, among other products. At the drug store, a pharmacist oversees the fulfillment of medical prescriptions and is available to give advice on their offerings of over-the-counter drugs.

Organisation of Drug Store:
Stores are defined as sub-organization in any hospital where materials obtained are held in abeyance till inspected, approved, and stocked. A store should have a standard specification of materials and since the store procured the drugs on behalf of the department for the regular flow of material, the condition of storage should be proper.

Objectives of Drug Stores
1. To stock all drugs and accessories required in the hospital.
2. To procure drugs from different sources.
3. To supply drugs to the consuming departments.
4. To store drugs required in research work.
5. To preserve records of receipt and issue of drugs.
6. To maintain records of receipt and issue of drugs.
7. To carry out all operations regarding drugs economically to save revenue.

Layout of Drug Store:
The drug store should be preferably located on the ground floor close to the pharmacy. An area of at least 600-1000 sq ft should be allotted to medical stores. Adequate storage facilities should be there so that the drugs, chemicals, biological etc .A definite location code is to be followed in order to identify the product or material placed in store. For this purpose analysis is carried out after studying there inventory like:
(i) F S N- Fast moving, slow moving, non moving
(ii) H M L- Heavy, medium, light materials

TYPES OF MATERIALS STOCKED
A sufficient number of racks should be provided for storage of drugs and supplies. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers should be provided at strategic points along with fire buckets to fight sudden fires due to stored drugs and chemical. Materials which are stocked are listed as under:
(i) Capsules, tablets, liquid dosage form and injections etc.
(ii) Biological antibiotics are stored properly in refrigerator.
(iii) Narcotic and psychotropic substances are stored under lock & key.
(iv) POISOINS are stored in separate closed rack, labelled as”POISION”.
(v) Alcohol and alcohol containing preparations.
(vi) Large bulk items on bottom.
(vii) Vaccines and other thermolabile drugs are required to be stored at cold store 2-100 C. Antibiotics, vitamins liver preparations etc should be stored at cool temp (15-200 C).
(viii) To avoid pilferage costly drugs and prescribed schedule X drugs should be stored separately under lock and key.

Storage conditions
Cold storage: 2-8◦C
Cool temp: 8-25◦C
Room temp RT-temp. Temperature prevailing in working area.
Warm: 30-40◦C
Excessive Heat: Above 40oc

Cold storage (20-80C)
For proper storage of drugs, it is advisable to have a separate room or a portion maintained at this temp range. A recording thermometer should be provided and temp should be noted at least twice daily. It should remain under the supervisor and in case a separate room is not available, adequate number of refrigerator should be provided for the purpose. The maintenance of these refrigerators in working order is the responsibility of the supervisor. Drugs such as insulin, sera, whole human blood, frozen plasma, thromboplastin, oxytocin injection, and certain vaccines etc. are not allowed to freeze. The chief pharmacist should personally check that such drugs are stored at respective places as per their prescribed storage conditions.

Storage at Cool Temperature (80C- 250C)
Drug such as antibiotics, vitamins, liver preparations are required to be stored at a cool temp. The space of this room should be adequate considering the maximum stock of drugs likely to be purchased by the hospital during any time of the year. The chief pharmacist should ensure that no drug falling in this category is stocked away from this room .An inspection register should be maintained by the Chief pharmacist.

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