Physics in Communication and Defense Technology

Описание: 1.4 Physics and Defense Technology
Modern defense forces, including the Air Force, Army, Navy, and Space Force, require advanced physics knowledge in areas like laser guidance, satellite technology, optics, sensing systems, high-energy-density physics, hydrodynamics, and advanced materials.
These branches require specialized skills in oceanographic physics, navigation, night vision, and optical physics in various applications.

Radar Technology

RADAR is an acronym for Radio Detection And Ranging, used to detect and track objects at specific distances.
It collects information like the object's range and location by radiating electromagnetic signals and examining the echo.
The radar system consists of a transmitter and receiver, using the same antenna for both.
The target reflects the received signal, which is then received by the receiver and displayed on the radar display.

1. Military applications of Radar
Radar is primarily used in military applications, detecting targets and guiding weapons, but can also be used in civilian applications like controlling air traffic, weather observation, navigation, and remote sensing.
2. Missiles
A missile is a rocket-propelled or jet-propelled weapon designed to deliver explosive weapons with high accuracy at high speed.
There are two types: cruise missiles, which are jet-propelled throughout their flight, and ballistic missiles, which are rocket-powered in the initial phase and follow an arc trajectory to the target.
They consist of electronic, digital, and mechanical subsystems, guided by continuous radio communication.

Infra-red wave detection for night vision

Human eyes are sensitive to visible light, but infrared is out of range.
Infrared devices detect objects using heat emissions, and are used in night vision, navigation, hunting, and hidden-object detection.
Infrared imaging systems create electronic images based on temperature differences, with hotter objects appearing brighter.
Green is the best wavelength for enhancing natural night vision in humans.

1.5 Physics in Communication
Communication technologies like telephones, cell phones, mobiles, and computers are essential for our lives.
Communication systems are classified as wired and wireless, using radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves.
Understanding physics, including electromagnetic theory, electricity, magnetism, electrical circuits, energy, electronics, and wave phenomena like reflection, diffraction, refraction, interference, rarefaction, and compression of wave propagation, is crucial for understanding these technologies.