How Do Organisms Reproduce
Автор: NCERT BIOPEDIA
Загружено: 2026-01-26
Просмотров: 67
Описание:
How Do Organisms Reproduce #biology #cbse #ncert #neet #bio #class10 #viral #shorts #reels #board
Reproduction is the biological process by which organisms produce new individuals of their own kind. It ensures continuity of species and introduces variations essential for evolution.
Types of Reproduction
1. Asexual Reproduction
Involves only one parent
No formation or fusion of gametes
Offspring are genetically identical
Modes of Asexual Reproduction
Fission: Binary (Amoeba), Multiple (Plasmodium)
Budding: Yeast, Hydra
Fragmentation: Spirogyra
Regeneration: Planaria
Vegetative Propagation (Plants): Potato, Bryophyllum
Advantages: Rapid reproduction
Disadvantage: No genetic variation
2. Sexual Reproduction
Involves two parents
Fusion of male and female gametes
Produces genetic variation
Sexual Reproduction in Humans
Male Reproductive System
Testes: Produce sperms and testosterone
Sperm ducts & urethra: Transport sperms
Accessory glands: Provide nourishment to sperms
Female Reproductive System
Ovaries: Produce ova and estrogen
Fallopian tubes: Site of fertilization
Uterus: Development of embryo
Vagina: Birth canal
Gametogenesis
Spermatogenesis: Formation of sperms in testes
Oogenesis: Formation of ova in ovaries
Menstrual Cycle
Monthly cycle (≈28 days)
Release of ovum (ovulation)
If fertilization does not occur, menstruation takes place
Fertilization and Development
Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube
Formation of zygote
Zygote divides → embryo
Embryo implants in uterus → foetus
Development continues until birth
Sexual Reproduction in Plants
Flower is the reproductive organ
Pollination: Transfer of pollen to stigma
Fertilization: Fusion of gametes
Formation of seeds and fruits
Reproductive Health
Contraception: Prevents unwanted pregnancy (condoms, pills, IUCD)
STDs: Spread through sexual contact
Awareness helps in maintaining reproductive health
Importance of Reproduction
Ensures survival of species
Produces variation
Helps in evolution
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