Luigi Boccherini (1743-1805) - Sinfonia a piu Stromenti (1771)

Описание: Buon compleanno Luigi Boccherini! 🎭👑

Composer: Luigi Boccherini (1743-1805)
Work: Sinfonia (C-Dur) 'SINFONIE | A | Plusieurs Instruments récitants | COMPOSÉES | Pour S.A.R. L'Infant dom Louis d'Espagne ... Œuvre 16' (1771)
Performers: New Philharmonia Orchestra; Raymond Lеppаrd (1927-2019, conductor)

Sinfonia a piu Stromenti (1771)
1. Allegro con molto 0:00
2. Andantino amoroso 7:49
3. Tempo di minué 13:36
4. Presto ma non tanto 19:40

Painting: Luis Paret y Alcázar (1746-1799) - El Jardín Botánico desde el Paseo del Prado, Madrid
HD image: https://flic.kr/p/2rX9eVR
Painting: Pompeo Batoni (1708-1787) - Luigi Boccherini playing the violoncello
HD image: https://flic.kr/p/2ohxXJe

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(Ridolfo) Luigi Boccherini
(Lucca, 19 February 1743 - Madrid, 28 May 1805)

Italian composer and cellist. He was the third child of the musician Leopoldo Boccherini (1712-1766) and his wife Maria Santa, née Prosperi (?-1776). When he reached the age of 13, he was sent to Rome to study with the renowned cellist Giovanni Battista Costanzi, musical director at Saint Peter’s Basilica. In Rome Boccherini was influenced by the polyphonic tradition (i.e., music with two or more interweaving melodic parts) stemming from the works of Giovanni da Palestrina and from the instrumental music of Arcangelo Corelli. In 1757 Boccherini and his father were invited to play in the Imperial Theatre orchestra in Vienna. On his second journey to Vienna (1760), Boccherini, at 17, made his debut as a composer with his Six Trios for Two Violins and Cello, G 77–82. During his third stay in that city (1764), a public concert by Boccherini was enthusiastically received. In August 1764 he obtained a permanent position in Lucca with the local church and theatre orchestras. He was in Lombardy in 1765, in the orchestra of Giovanni Battista Sammartini. Through his association with this Milanese composer, the 22-year-old Boccherini strengthened the new “conversational” style of the quartet: the cello’s line was now as important as the counterpoint (i.e., the intertwining of independent melodic lines) of the violin and viola. Boccherini put together the first public string quartet performance, with an extraordinary string quartet made up of outstanding Tuscan virtuosos, including himself, Pietro Nardini, Nardini’s pupil Filippo Manfredi, and Giuseppe Cambini. After the death of his father (1766), Boccherini left Lucca for Paris, which was at that time particularly hospitable to Italian musicians.

According to tradition, it was the Spanish ambassador to Paris who persuaded Boccherini to move (probably in 1768 or early 1769) to Madrid, where he began his long sojourn at the intrigue-ridden court of Charles III. The king’s brother, the infante Don Luis, conferred on him a yearly endowment of 30,000 reals as a cellist and composer. Boccherini first began writing string quintets during this period, and he also wrote his well-known Six String Quartets (1772). At about the same time, he married Clementina Pelicho, with whom he had five children. In 1785, when both Clementina and the infante died, the king granted him a pension of 12,000 reals, after which he was free to accept the patronage of (among others) Frederick William II of Prussia, who was an amateur cellist and well acquainted with Boccherini’s music. Boccherini married Joaquina Porreti in 1787. From 1787 to 1797 he may have been in Berlin, at a post provided by Frederick William II, although this position has not been adequately documented; it seems equally likely that he remained in Spain. In 1798 the new king of Prussia refused to extend Boccherini’s pension, the duchess of Osuna (another important source of income) moved to Paris, and Boccherini’s financial distress was aggravated by poor health. His life was further saddened by the death of two of his daughters in 1802 and the death of his second wife and a third daughter in 1804. Reportedly, he was by then living in near poverty, although his financial plight may have been exaggerated. Certainly, however, his own health suffered from his personal losses, and he died in 1805 of a long-standing respiratory ailment.