Screening of amylase producing organism

Описание: The enzyme activity is measured after 24h of incubation. ... The enzyme activity is measured after 24h of incubation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Screening of Amylase Producing Bacteria: The bacteria isolated from soil were screened for amylase production on starch agar medium

Microorganisms are the most important sources for enzyme production. Selection of the right organism plays a key
role in high yield of desirable enzymes. For production of enzymes for industrial use, isolation and characterization
of new promising strains using cheap carbon and nitrogen source is a continuous process. Microorganisms have
become increasingly important as producer of industrial enzymes. Due to their biochemical diversity and the ease
with which enzyme concentrations may be increased by environmental and genetic manipulation, attempts are now
being made to replace enzymes, which traditionally have been isolated from complex eukaryotes. Starch degrading
amylolytic enzymes are most important in the biotechnology industries with huge application in food, fermentation,
textile and paper [1, 2]. Amylases are obtained from various origins like plant, animal, bacterial and fungal. Several
researchers produces amylase enzyme using Bacillus sp. [3, 4, 5, 6].
There are about 3000 enzymes known today only few are industrially exploited. These are mainly extracellular
hydrolytic enzymes, which degrade naturally occurring polymers such as starch, proteins, pectin’s and cellulose [7].
In the production of glucose syrup the α-amylase is used in the first step of enzymatic degradation yielding a
mixture of glucose and fructose with high fructose content. The amylases can be derived from several sources such
as plants, animals and microbes. The microbial amylases meet industrial demands because it is economical when
produced in large quantities [8]. Amylase has been derived from several fungi, yeasts, bacteria and actinomycetes,
however, enzymes from fungal and bacterial sources have dominated applications in industrial sectors.
The microbial source of amylase is preferred to other sources because of its plasticity and vast availability.
Microbial amylase has almost surpassed the synthetic sources in different industries [1]. Amylolytic enzymes are
widely distributed in bacteria and fungi. They are categorized in to exo-acting, endo-acting and debranching
enzymes. Unusual bacterial amylases are found in acidophilic, alkalophilic and thermo acidophilic bacteria