4K St. Peter's Monastery in Salzburg / Austria

Описание: Saint Peter's Monastery in Salzburg
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Saint Peter's Monastery, also known as Saint Peter's Abbey (Stift Sankt Peter), in Salzburg is a Benedictine monastery in Austria. It is considered one of the oldest monasteries in the German-speaking world.
Historic

St. Peter's Monastery was founded in 696 by St. Rupert on the site of a church from Late Antiquity originating from the period of the First Christianization built by Severin de Noricum. The establishment of the monastery was intended to organize missionary work in the Eastern Alps. Until 987 the position of abbot was held by the Archbishop of Salzburg: the two positions were always held by the same person.

In the Middle Ages, St. Peter's Monastery was known for its exceptional school of copyists. In 1074 Archbishop Gebhard of Salzburg sent some monks to the recently established subsidiary monastery at Admont in the March of Styria. In the 15th century, the monastery adopted the Melk Reforms. In 1623 Archbishop Paris Graf von Lodron founded the Benedictine University of Salzburg, which until its dissolution in 1810 was closely linked to the monastery.
inside

From 1641 the abbey was a member of the Congregation of Salzburg, which merged in 1930 with the Austrian Congregation (of which it is the main house) of the Benedictine Confederation.

In 1926 efforts to establish a Catholic university led to the foundation of the Benedictine college ("Kolleg St. Benedikt"), from which the University of Salzburg was later re-founded. In 1927 St. Peter's Monastery was raised to the status of an abbey.

During the period of National Socialism, the monks were expelled, but the monastery was not abolished, and the monks returned after the war.

Abbey Church

The present Romanesque building at the foot of the north side of the Mönchsberg hill was consecrated in 1147. One of the organs was built in the cafas in 1444 by Heinrich Traxdorf of Mainz. While the spire was given the shape of an onion bulb in 1756, the interior, already remodeled several times, was renovated in Rococo style between 1760 and 1782 during the Abbot Beda Seeauer by Franz Xaver König, Lorenz Härmbler, Johann Högler, Benedikt Zopf and others. The high altar is a work of Martin Johann Schmidt. St. Mary's Chapel contains the tomb of Abbot Johann von Staupitz (d. 1524), a friend of Martin Luther.

Mozart's Mass in C minor was premiered in the church, probably on 26 October 1783, with his wife Constanze singing as first soprano.

Next to the altar where Saint Rupert is buried are the graves of Mozart's sister Maria Anna Mozart (Nannerl) and Johann Michael Haydn. He is also buried in the abbey church and St. Vitalis.
Library, archives and other collections
Library

The buildings of St. Peter's Monastery house the oldest library in Austria. Among the 800 manuscripts the most precious are the Verbrüderungsbuch, which was deposited in 784 by Bishop Virgil. Through continued acquisition, the library's holdings grew to 100,000 volumes, focusing especially on works on Benedictine monasticism, medieval church history, art history, and articles on the local history of Salzburg or Salisburgensia. Special collections include incunabula and first editions, including the engravings collected by priest Gregor Reitlechner and the map collection.

In 1768 Abbot Beda Seeauer converted the medieval Zellenbibliothek building into the Rococo style. In 1999 it was restored and is now only accessible with special permission.

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