What We've Learned from NKS Chapter 7: Mechanisms in Programs and Nature

Описание: In this episode of "What We've Learned from NKS", Stephen Wolfram is counting down to the 20th anniversary of A New Kind of Science with [another] chapter retrospective. If you'd like to contribute to the discussion in future episodes, you can participate through this YouTube channel or through the official Twitch channel of Stephen Wolfram here:   / stephen_wolfram  

Read all of NKS here: https://www.wolframscience.com/nks/

00:00 Stream Begins
0:39 Stephen begins talking
2:35 Section 1: Universality of Behavior
4:36 Section 2: Three Mechanisms for Randomness
8:20 Section 3: Randomness from the Environment
14:35 Section 4: Chaos Theory and Randomness from Initial Conditions
22:48 Three Body Problem & Notes
34:53 Section 5: The Intrinsic Generation of Randomness
39:09 Algorithmic Randomness
44:25 Section 6: The Phenomenon of Continuity
51:28 Section 7: Origins of Discreteness
1:01:58 Section 8: The Problem of Satisfying Constraints
1:12:47 Section 9: Origins of Simple Behavior
1:20:38 Wrap up of Chapter 7
1:22:25 If permutations maintain entropy for all n! possible combinations sand in sandglass would move in between the same entropy ...and that is against physical laws, yet it measures time properly?
1:24:09 If something truly = random, how could we truly be sure for 1 and 2) wouldn't there be associated random probability to discovering that which is truly random?
1:25:28 Can patterns be truly random? randomness being defined by the point of conditions at which it goes from random to defined?
1:26:00 So are you saying the difference is that in chaos the state is still near in phase space, but grows exponentially, while in intrinsic randomness generation, you cannot narrow the phase space to the initial condition? Would this be equivalent to encryption?
1:27:16 Does the appearance of randomness depend on the observer? For instance we can encrypt a message and still get a meaningful answer if we have the key. Can we redefine the states such that their new ordering is determined by the randomness generator? In this sense is intrinsic randomness generation just shuffling the order of the states in phase space?
1:28:20 Did you do any exploration of spherical-ish shapes (but that are not perfect regular spheres). Such as a sphere merged with a wave-function... creating a wave-deformed sphere geometry?
1:28:46 Irregular borders create perceived randomness?
1:29:00 Encryption is defined as something you can decrypt afterwards, does randomness generation fit the bill?

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