Micro-palaeontology : Uses of Microfossils

Описание: MICROPALAEONTOLOGY
USES OF MICROFOSSILS:-
despite their minute, microscopic size, the microfossils are found to be extremely useful for the following:
1-Stratigraphic correlation:- Microfossils are very sensitive to temperature and other climatic changes. Hence, microfossils are important in correlating distant strata based on fossil similarity. Microfossils, especially pollens and spores of foraminiferas, are used for biostratigraphic correlation of surface and subsurface sediments.
2-Geological age of rocks:- These microfossils also serve as marker horizon of certain geological time limit and therefore, geological age determination of rocks is made possible.
3-Geological exploration:- Pollen and spores, along with foraminiferas, are useful in identifying hydrocarbon reserves and source rocks in petroleum exploration.
4-Palaeo-environment:- Some species of microfossils serve as basic evidences for Organic evolution because of their worldwide geographical distribution and Limited geological time range. They also help in understanding Conjectures about ancient and present life as they occupy a place at or near the base of the food web. microfossils such as ostracods, foraminifers coccoliths are used for the determination of palaeo-environment with regards to their habitat. These also suggest about the fresh, marine or terrestrial water conditions. Depth of Shallow to deep aquatic environment, salinity, temperature or geographical location (example, sub-glacial, temperate, sub-tropical or tropical) are also inferred by study of the microfossils.
5- Ecological studies:- Micropalaeontological studies also provide guidelines in understanding the development and stability of the present global ecosystem.
6-Organic-evoluation:- The importance of microfossils is further augmented by recent discoveries in precambrain rocks which have documented the organic evoluation through more than three-quarters of the history of life on the earth.
7-Physico-chemical studies:- The study of microfossils also reveals the degree of light penetration, current direction, turbulence, turbidity, type of substrate and the concentration of dissolved gases in water.
8-Mineral studies:- Some ore bodies of their formation to microbial leaching process. Hence, microfossils will gain importance in understanding palaeo-geology of these deposits in future.

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