Natan Sharansky's 3 Ds Test for Antisemitism

Описание: Natan Sharansky, a Zionist who was arrested for his activism in the Soviet Union, devised a set of three criteria of antisemitic remarks in order to help differentiate between legitimate criticism of Israel and antisemitism: de-legitimization, demonization, and double standards.
De-legitimization is singling out a country as ineligible for the basic right for self-determination. For example, economic boycott against Israeli companies works to destroy the nation’s well-being and, thus, its fundamental right to exist. As such, according to Sharansky's definition, this practice is antisemitic.
Demonization is the portrayal of certain groups as evil, or demonic. For example, when caricatures of Israeli politicians are blown out of all sensible proportion and compared to Nazis, it is an antisemitic demonization.
A Double standard is the application of different sets of principles on similar situations. When Israel is the primary focus of international attention regarding alleged human rights abuses, while worse abuses carried out on a larger level receive far fewer calls for condemnation and boycotting, it’s an example of a double standard.
If these three elements — de-legitimization, demonization and double standards — surface in one's comments, the remark is not a constructive critique of Israeli policies, but rather antisemitism.

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