How is Russia creating new aircraft under sanctions?

Описание: This is a story that begins with a reset. One morning, the Russian aviation industry woke up to silence. Not the quiet before dawn, but the tomb-like stillness that follows the slamming shut of cargo holds on Boeings and Airbuses carrying spare parts. The machines fell quiet, the engineering software went dark, the catalogues of components vanished. Western sanctions didn't just "hit" the sector. They tried to cut off its oxygen, leaving it in the thin air at ten thousand meters.
But the paradox is that this very situation—a total embargo—became Russia's "finest hour," the one everyone feared but couldn't avoid. The state and corporations found themselves in the roles of lead characters in a blockbuster, given two choices: fade away slowly or rebuild everything from the wreckage, but with their own hands. They chose the latter. Not because it was easy, but because there was simply no other way out.
The significance of this process is hard to overstate. This isn't just about building another airliner. It's a matter of national security, technological sovereignty, and the basic connectivity of a vast nation. Imagine a map of Russia without reliable air travel. This isn't just an inconvenience; it's a geopolitical failure. Developing a domestic aviation industry became a strategic priority, much like the space race was in its day. Only this time, the rival isn't another country, but reality itself, dictating its own rules.