Drugs Acting at the Neuromuscular Junction | Introduction

Описание: Let us discuss the drugs acting at the neuromuscular junction. These particular drugs influence neuromuscular transmission in three ways: either acting pre-synaptically by inhibiting acetylcholine or blocking the receptors by competitive inhibition or depolarization.

▬ 📃 Drugs Inhibiting Acetylcholine Release
🟡 Botulinum toxin is produced by Clostridium Botulinum (an anaerobic bacillus).

🟡 Aminoglycoside antibiotics (like, gentamicin) may cause neuro-muscular blockade by inhibiting the calcium influx required for exocytosis.

▬ 📜 Competitive Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Neuromuscular blocking drugs are given by intravenous injection and are distributed in the extracellular fluid. They do not pass the blood–brain barrier or the placenta. The choice of a particular drug is often determined by the side effects produced.
🟠 Histamine Release
🟠 Vagal Blockade
🟠 Ganglion Blockade
🟠 Sympathomimetic Actions

👉 These competitive neuromuscular blocking drugs include:
🔵 Pancuronium
🔵 Vecuronium
🔵 Atracurium
🔵 Cisatracurium is an isomer of atracurium
🔵 Rocuronium

▬ 📃 Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Suxamethonium or succinylcholine is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug, used because of its rapid onset and very short duration of action, which is 2 to 6 minutes.

Neuromuscular block then occurs as a result of several factors which include:
🔴 Inactivation of the voltage‐sensitive sodium channels
🔴 Transformation of the activated receptors to a desensitized state

So that was all!

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