Bacterial Toxins, Membrane Disrupting Toxins
Автор: Aled Roberts
Загружено: 2026-02-02
Просмотров: 2
Описание: In this video, membrane-disrupting bacterial exotoxins are introduced, with a focus on how these protein toxins compromise host cell membranes and disrupt normal cellular physiology. The video first defines membrane-disrupting toxins and outlines the two main mechanisms by which they act: pore formation and enzymatic membrane damage. It then uses the alpha (α) toxin of Staphylococcus aureus as a detailed case study. The genetic basis of alpha toxin production, its regulation via quorum sensing, and its haemolytic activity are described. The video explains how alpha toxin monomers assemble into a heptameric pore, highlighting the structural domains involved and the role of beta-barrel formation. Finally, it describes how pore formation leads to ion imbalance, osmotic influx of water, and cell lysis, illustrating why alpha toxin is an effective virulence factor during infection. 
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