๐๐๐ฏ๐๐ญ๐จ๐ซ ๐๐ง๐๐ข ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐๐ฅ๐ (๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐๐๐ฅ ๐ญ๐๐๐๐ก๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ซ๐ฎ๐ ๐ก๐ฎ๐ฆ๐๐ง ๐๐จ๐ง๐๐ฌ) ๐๏ธ(ุงูุนุถูุฉ ุงูุฑุงูุนุฉ ููุดุฑุฌ)
ะะฒัะพั: Dr Ayman Khanfour Anatomy Teaching
ะะฐะณััะถะตะฝะพ: 2020-11-09
ะัะพัะผะพััะพะฒ: 8268
ะะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต:
"๐ง๐ต๐ถ๐ ๐๐ถ๐ฑ๐ฒ๐ผ ๐ฑ๐ฒ๐๐ฐ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฎ๐๐๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ต๐บ๐ฒ๐ป๐๐, ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป๐, ๐ฎ๐ป๐ฑ ๐ฝ๐ฎ๐ฟ๐๐ ๐ผ๐ณ ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐น๐ฒ๐๐ฎ๐๐ผ๐ฟ ๐ฎ๐ป๐ถ ๐บ๐๐๐ฐ๐น๐ฒ."
๐๐ฅ๐ฐ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ ๐ซ๐๐ฆ๐๐ฆ๐๐๐ซ: ๐ค
The levator ani muscle is the main muscle of the pelvic diaphragm.
๐๐๐: ๐ค๐ช ๐
1. The puborectalis part of the levator ani is responsible for which of the following functions?
A. Flexion of the hip
B. Maintaining fecal continence
C. Elevation of the anus during urination
D. Relaxation during coughing
2. Damage to the levator ani muscle during childbirth may lead to which of the following conditions?
A. Inguinal hernia
B. Uterine prolapse
C. Femoral hernia
D. Episiotomy scar infection
3. Which part of the levator ani forms a sling around the anorectal junction?
A. Pubococcygeus
B. Iliococcygeus
C. Puborectalis
D. Coccygeus
4. Weakness of the levator ani muscle may result in which of the following conditions?
A. Varicocele
B. Anal incontinence
C. Hydrocele
D. Hematuria
5. A 32-year-old woman presents with fecal incontinence following a difficult vaginal delivery. Which part of the levator ani is most likely damaged?
A. Puborectalis
B. Iliococcygeus
C. Ischiococcygeus
D. Obturator internus
6. Which of the following best describes the role of the puborectalis muscle in defecation?
A. Propels feces forward
B. Maintains the anorectal angle
C. Supports the bladder neck
D. Relaxes the internal anal sphincter
7. Injury to which nerve would most directly affect the function of the levator ani muscles?
A. Pudendal nerve
B. Pelvic splanchnic nerves
C. S3โS4
D. Inferior hypogastric plexus
8. Which of the following conditions is most commonly associated with weakness of the levator ani?
A. Urinary tract infection
B. Pelvic organ prolapse
C. Rectal carcinoma
D. Endometriosis
9. During surgical repair of a rectocele, the surgeon must avoid injury to which muscle that provides anterior support to the pelvic diaphragm?
A. Piriformis
B. Coccygeus
C. Pubococcygeus
D. Iliopsoas
10. During childbirth, which levator ani component forms a muscular sling around the anorectal junction and is essential for maintaining fecal continence?
A. Pubococcygeus
B. Iliococcygeus
C. Puborectalis
D. Ischiococcygeus
11. Incontinence of feces in a postpartum woman is most likely due to disruption of which functional complex?
A. Urogenital diaphragm
B. Rectovaginal septum
C. Anorectal ring (puborectalis + internal and external sphincters)
D. Ischiorectal fossa
12. A middle-aged woman complains of a feeling of pelvic pressure and visible bulging at the vaginal opening. Examination reveals a uterine prolapse. This condition most likely results from damage to which part of the pelvic floor?
A. Coccygeus muscle
B. Obturator internus
C. Pubococcygeus muscle
D. Ischiocavernosus muscle
13. Which of the following clinical signs indicates dysfunction of the puborectalis muscle?
A. Urinary urgency
B. Inability to initiate defecation
C. Pain during ejaculation
D. Absent cremasteric reflex
๐๐ ๐คฃ ๐ฆ๐ช๐ฒ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ท๐ฐ ๐๐ธ๐ป ๐จ๐ธ๐พ๐ป ๐๐ท๐ผ๐๐ฎ๐ป ๐๐ ๐คฃ
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๐
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๐๐
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#levator_ani
#Pelvic_diaphragm
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