The Minimalist Program 1.4.1 Government Theory

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This video introduces Government Theory as a core “locality” module in Principles-and-Parameters. Government is defined as a local c-command relation that is blocked by barriers and (in many approaches) by interveners, and it plays a central role in explaining why some movements and dependencies are grammatical while others crash. We walk through how government underlies proper government (antecedent government + head government), shaping constraints on extraction, licensing of traces, Case assignment, and the distribution of PRO.

We then connect government to classic locality effects—barrierhood (e.g., extraction out of relative clauses, adjunct clauses) and minimality—and show how these yield familiar violations like wh-islands, superraising, and head movement constraints, often with sharper penalties for adjunct extraction than argument extraction. Finally, we motivate a more unified direction: treating “intervention” effects as economy of derivation (“minimize chain links”), tightening government to barrier-based locality while letting economy account for many minimality-style violations.

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