Law Students Must Watch: Types of Suits under CPC

Описание: CPC 1908 | Classification of Suits with Examples”CPC1908#CivilProcedureCode#TypesOfSuits#Law
   • CPC 1908 | Classification of Suits with Ex...   🏛️ Types of Suits under CPC 1908 | Civil Procedure Code Explained

The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) classifies suits into different categories for smooth administration of justice. Knowing the types of suits in CPC is essential for law students, judiciary exam aspirants, and advocates.

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1. 🔹 Based on Nature of Subject Matter
1. Civil Suits – Filed for enforcement of civil rights (e.g., property, contracts).
2. Commercial Suits – Disputes relating to trade, commerce, intellectual property, covered under the Commercial Courts Act, 2015.
3. Revenue Suits – Relating to land revenue, tenancy, rent recovery, etc.
4. Family Suits – Matters of marriage, divorce, maintenance, custody, guardianship.

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2. 🔹 Based on Relief Claimed
1. Suits for Recovery of Money – Filed under Order 4 CPC.
2. Suits for Specific Performance – Enforcing contractual obligations under the Specific Relief Act.
3. Suits for Injunction
• Temporary Injunction – Order 39 Rules 1 & 2 CPC
• Permanent Injunction – Section 38, Specific Relief Act
4. Suits for Declaration – Section 34, Specific Relief Act.
5. Suits for Possession – Recovery of movable or immovable property.
6. Suits for Partition – Division of property among co-owners.
7. Suits for Damages – For torts or breach of contract.
8. Suits for Accounts – Partnership disputes, trust management.

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3. 🔹 Based on Procedure
1. Ordinary Suits – Follow the standard trial process.
2. Summary Suits – Order 37 CPC; quick disposal of money claims, negotiable instruments.
3. Special Suits – Provided under special statutes (e.g., matrimonial suits, NI Act cases).

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4. 🔹 Based on Parties
1. Representative Suits – Order 1 Rule 8 CPC; one person represents many.
2. Interpleader Suits – Section 88 & Order 35 CPC; court decides between rival claimants.
3. Suits by/against Government – Sections 79-82 CPC.
4. Suits by/against Minors or Persons of Unsound Mind – Order 32 CPC.

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5. 🔹 Based on Jurisdiction & Value
1. Small Cause Suits – Tried by Small Causes Courts.
2. Regular Suits – Higher value & complexity; follow full CPC trial.

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✅ Practical Tip for Court Practice

When drafting or filing a suit, always check:
✔ Jurisdiction (territorial, pecuniary, subject matter) – Sections 15–20 CPC.
✔ Limitation Period – Limitation Act, 1963.
✔ Cause of Action – Facts must justify relief.
✔ Relief Clause – Be precise, cite proper statutory provision.

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