Graveyard Of Empires - Soviet–Afghan War

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SOVIET–AFGHAN WAR – QUICK FACTS

• Duration: 1979 – 1989
• Location: Afghanistan

Sides in the war:
• Soviet Union and the Afghan communist government
• Afghan Mujahideen fighters

Support:
• The Mujahideen were supported by the United States, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and China.

Why the war started:
In December 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to support the communist government that was struggling against growing rebellions across the country.

Key facts:
• Around 100,000 Soviet troops were deployed in Afghanistan
• The war was fought largely through guerrilla warfare in mountains and deserts
• Mujahideen fighters used ambush tactics and knowledge of the terrain
• In the mid-1980s, the United States supplied Stinger anti-aircraft missiles, which made Soviet helicopters vulnerable

Human cost:
• About 15,000 Soviet soldiers killed
• Around 1 million Afghan civilians killed
• Millions of Afghans were displaced or became refugees

End of the war:
The Soviet Union began withdrawing troops in 1988, completing the withdrawal in February 1989. The war weakened the Soviet Union and contributed to its collapse in 1991.