THE SOUTHWEST MONSOON SEASON | INDIAN GEOGRAPHY | MINDMAPS | UPSC CSE

Описание: THE SOUTHWEST MONSOON SEASON | INDIAN GEOGRAPHY | MINDMAPS | UPSC CSE

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Decode the lifeline of the Indian Economy: The Southwest Monsoon. In this detailed mindmap video for UPSC CSE, we break down the complex journey of the monsoon winds from the Southern Hemisphere to the Indian subcontinent.

We compare the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal branches, explain why some regions remain dry, and analyze global factors like El Niño that disrupt this system.

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🌧️ *Video Mindmap: The Southwest Monsoon Season*

► *1. The Origin & Mechanism*
• *Timeline:* June to September (75% of India's annual rainfall).
• *The Driver:* Differential heating of Land (Low Pressure) vs. Sea (High Pressure).
• *Wind Direction:* South-East Trade Winds cross the Equator → Deflect Right (Coriolis Force) → Become **South-West Monsoon**.

► *2. The Two Branches (Comparative Analysis)*
• *Arabian Sea Branch:*
• Much stronger (3x volume).
• Strikes Western Ghats (Heavy Orographic Rain).
• Moves towards Narmada-Tapi valleys and Rajasthan.
• *Bay of Bengal Branch:*
• Strikes Myanmar (Arakan Yoma) and deflects towards India.
• Enters West Bengal/Assam and moves up the Ganga Plains.
• *The Merger:* Both branches meet over the Punjab/Haryana plains.

► *3. Why Some Regions Remain Dry? (High Yield)*
• *Tamil Nadu Coast:* Lies parallel to BoB branch & in rain-shadow of Arabian Sea branch.
• *Rajasthan:* Aravalli range lies parallel to the wind direction; lack of orographic uplift.
• *Ladakh:* Lies in the rain-shadow of the Himalayas.

► *4. Factors Affecting Intensity*
• *Tibetan Heating:* The "engine" that pulls the winds.
• *Somali Jet:* Strong low-level jet stream off the coast of Africa.
• *El Niño:* Warming of Pacific waters → Weakens Monsoon.
• *Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD):*
• *Positive IOD:* Warmer Western Indian Ocean → Boosts Monsoon (Can counter El Niño).
• *Negative IOD:* Cooler Western Indian Ocean → Weakens Monsoon.

► *5. Break in Monsoon*
• Dry spells when the "Monsoon Trough" shifts to the foothills of the Himalayas.

This video is essential for GS-1 (Geography) and GS-3 (Agriculture/Economy).

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