ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL LIFE DURING DELHI SULTANATE | MEDIEVAL HISTORY | MINDMAPS | UPSC CSE

Описание: Did the Medieval Age bring an "Urban Revolution"? 🏙️ In this mindmap video for UPSC CSE, we analyze the Economic and Social conditions of the Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526 CE).

We move beyond battles to explore the life of the common man—from the rural aristocracy (Khuts & Muqaddams) to the bustling Royal Karkhanas and the introduction of new technologies like the Spinning Wheel and Paper.



💰 *Video Mindmap: Economy & Society (Delhi Sultanate)*

► *1. Agriculture (The Backbone)*
• *Revenue (Kharaj):* Ranged from 1/3rd to 1/2 (under Alauddin).
• *Irrigation:* Introduction of the *Persian Wheel (Rahat/Saqia)* revolutionized irrigation. Firoz Shah Tughlaq built extensive canals.
• *Rural Aristocracy:*
• *Khuts:* Small Zamindars/Landowners.
• *Muqaddams:* Village Headmen.
• *Chaudharis:* Revenue collectors for a group of villages.

► *2. Trade & Urbanization*
• *Currency:*
• *Iltutmish:* Silver *Tanka* & Copper **Jital**.
• *Sasgani:* Coin of 6 Jitals (Firoz Shah).
• *Urban Centers:* Growth of cities like Delhi, Lahore, Multan, and Kara.
• *Trade Routes:* Construction of *Sarais* (Rest houses) boosted internal trade.
• *Exports:* Textiles, Indigo, Saltpetre. *Imports:* Horses (Arabia), Slaves, Luxury goods.

► *3. Industry & Technology*
• *Karkhanas:* Royal workshops manufacturing goods for the Sultan and army (Firoz Shah had 36 Karkhanas).
• *New Technologies:*
• *Spinning Wheel (Charkha):* Increased textile production.
• *Paper:* Became common in the 14th century.
• *Iron Stirrup:* Revolutionized warfare.

► *4. Social Life*
• *Slavery (Bandagan):* Massive slave trade (Male/Female). Slaves rose to high positions (e.g., Malik Kafur).
• *Caste System:* Remained rigid. No major change in the status of lower castes despite Islamic influence.
• *Status of Women:*
• *Purdah System:* Became widespread among upper classes (both Hindu & Muslim).
• *Sati & Jauhar:* Prevalent among Rajputs.

This video covers the socio-economic themes for Mains GS-1.

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