What is Anomaly Scan - Why is it Crucial for Pregnancy Care

Описание: What is Anomaly Scan - Why is it Crucial for Pregnancy Care #health #ultrasound ⁨@Dr.Saimakhan

What Is Anomaly Ultrasound and Why It Matters
Anomaly Scan Explained for Expecting Parents
Why Anomaly Scan Is a Crucial Part of Pregnancy Care
Understanding the Importance of Anomaly Ultrasound
Anomaly Scan and Early Detection of Fetal Problems
How Anomaly Ultrasound Helps Ensure a Healthy Pregnancy
What Doctors Look For in an Anomaly Scan
Anomaly Ultrasound Explained in Simple Words
The Role of Anomaly Scan in Safe Pregnancy
Aaj hum baat karenge Detailed Anomaly Scan yaani Mid-Trimester Morphology Scan, jo 18–22 weeks ke darmiyan kiya jata hai. Yeh scan pregnancy ka sab se important ultrasound hota hai, kyun ke iss stage par hum bachay ke poore structure ko detail mein assess kar sakte hain.


1️⃣ Importance (اہمیت)

Anomaly scan is one of the most crucial scans in pregnancy because:

Iss se baby ke major organs ka structure clearly nazar aata hai.

Early detection of abnormalities allows timely management.

Is scan se fetal growth, placental health, amniotic fluid, cervical length — sab ka valuable information milta hai.

High-risk mothers ke liye (diabetes, hypertension, previous anomalies) yeh scan life-saving sabit ho sakta hai.


2️⃣ Significance (اہم کردار)

Anomaly scan ensures that:

Baby is developing normally.

Any structural abnormalities (minor or major) are identified.

Parents are counseled early if further testing (NT scan, fetal echo, MRI, amniocentesis) is needed.

Delivery planning improved hota hai — normal delivery vs tertiary care NICU delivery planning.


Iska main purpose detecting congenital anomalies hota hai.

🔹 Brain Structures

Choroid plexus, lateral ventricles (measure 10 mm)

Cavum septum pellucidum (CSP)

Thalami, midline falx

Posterior fossa structures:

Cerebellum

Cisterna magna

Vermis development

🔹 Face Profile

Nose bone

Forehead contour

Orbits & lens

Cleft lip / palate screening


This section helps detect hydrocephalus, Dandy-Walker, holoprosencephaly, neural tube defects, microcephaly.

4️⃣ Abdomen Assessment (پیٹ کی جانچ)

Detailed assessment includes:

🔹 Stomach Bubble

Left side positioning

Presence and size assessment


🔹 Kidneys

Size, echogenicity

Pelvicalyceal dilation (AP diameter)


🔹 Urinary Bladder

Filling & emptying

Size evaluation


🔹 Liver / Spleen

Echostructure

Umbilical vein course


🔹 Abdominal Wall

Cord insertion

Exomphalos, gastroschisis rule out


🔹 Bowel

Echogenicity (avoid echogenic bowel)

No obstruction


🔹 Heart Position

Situs assessment (stomach left = situs solitus)


5️⃣ Limbs Assessment (بازو اور ٹانگیں)

Each limb is evaluated:

🔹 Upper Limbs

Humerus length

Radius–ulna

Hands, fingers

Movement & tone


🔹 Lower Limbs

Femur length

Tibia–fibula

Feet & toes

Clubfoot screening


We rule out limb reduction defects, skeletal dysplasia, talipes, polydactyly.


6️⃣ Face Assessment (چہرے کی جانچ)

Presentation covers:
Sagittal profile: forehead, nose, chin
Coronal view: orbits, nasal bone
Transverse view: lips, jaw
Rule out:
Cleft lip/palate
Hypertelorism
Hypotelorism
Micrognathia
Nasal bone absence (chromosomal markers)


7️⃣ Liquor (Amniotic Fluid Assessment)

We assess amniotic fluid index (AFI) or single deepest pocket:

Adequate liquor is essential for lung & limb development

Detect oligohydramnios → renal issues, placental insufficiency

Detect polyhydramnios → diabetes, fetal swallowing disorders, GI anomalies


Liquor directly reflects fetal health status.


8️⃣ Placenta Assessment (نالی / پردہ)

We check:

🔹 Placental Position

Fundal / anterior / posterior / previa

Lower edge distance from internal os

🔹 Placental Texture

Maturity

Lakes or abnormal vascularity

🔹 Cord Insertion

Central / eccentric / marginal

Rule out velamentous insertion


🔹 Accessory Lobes

Succenturiate lobe evaluation


Placenta’s health determines fetal nourishment and risk of bleeding or preterm delivery.

Final Summary

By the end of an anomaly scan, we assess:

Complete fetal anatomy

Growth parameters

Structural abnormalities

Liquor

Placenta

Umbilical cord

Soft markers of chromosomal abnormalities


Anomaly scan not only confirms normal development but also strengthens pregnancy safety by early detection of complications


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