Spectrum Modern India | Rajiv Ahir | Chapter 8-9 | Socio-Relig. Reform Movements Features & Leaders

Описание: YouTube Video Title
Socio-Religious Reform Movements: Spectrum Modern History | Chapter Summary for UPSC CSE
YouTube Video Description
Unlock the critical "Indian Renaissance" chapter from Rajiv Ahir's Spectrum Modern History. This lecture provides a comprehensive breakdown of the 19th-century Socio-Religious Reform Movements, a high-yield topic for both UPSC Prelims and Mains. We decode the complex web of social changes, legislative reforms, and the ideological evolution that laid the foundation for modern Indian society and the Constitution.
In this video, we cover:
• The factors that triggered the awakening of the Indian middle class, including the clash between traditional culture and the rationalist impact of British rule.
• The three core ideological pillars that unified these diverse movements: Rationalism, Humanism, and Religious Universalism.
• The clear distinction between Reformist streams like the Brahmo Samaj and Revivalist streams like the Arya Samaj.
• A detailed look at the fight for women's emancipation, covering major legislative milestones like the abolition of Sati (1829) and the Hindu Widows Remarriage Act (1856).
• Key historical case studies, including the landmark Rukhmabai Case of 1884 that challenged the restitution of conjugal rights.
• The evolution of women's organizations, from the Bharat Stree Mahamandal to the All India Women's Conference.
• The critical struggle against caste-based exploitation, featuring the contributions of Jyotiba Phule, Sri Narayana Guru, and the Self-Respect Movement.
• Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's pivotal role in the Dalit movement, including the Mahad Satyagraha and the symbolic burning of the Manusmriti.
• Essential Prelims-specific facts, such as the founders of key institutions, authors of significant journals like Mooknayak, and the specific details of the Sarda Act.
• The dawn of the Indian Renaissance led by Raja Rammohan Roy and the foundational principles of the Brahmo Samaj including the fight against Sati and idolatry.
• The evolution and splits within the Brahmo Samaj under leaders like Debendranath Tagore and Keshab Chandra Sen.
• The rise of revivalist movements including the Arya Samaj founded by Dayananda Saraswati and his call to go Back to the Vedas.
• The spiritual nationalism of Swami Vivekananda and the Ramakrishna Mission focusing on the service of man as the service of God.
• Crucial anti-caste and depressed classes movements led by Jyotiba Phule, Savitribai Phule, and precursors to the Dalit movement like Gopal Baba Walangkar.
• A comparative look at Islamic reform movements including the liberal Aligarh Movement by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan versus the orthodox Deoband School.
• Regional reform movements across India including the Prarthana Samaj in Maharashtra, the Vaikom Satyagraha in Kerala, and the Self-Respect Movement in the South.
• Reforms within other communities including the Sikh Singh Sabha, the Parsi Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha, and the Theosophical Society led by Annie Besant.
• A critical assessment of the positive and negative impacts of these movements on Indian nationalism and communal consciousness.
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