Article 14 Explained | Landmark Cases for Law Students

Описание: Notes link - https://www.adityalogy.com/notes/
This lecture provides a precise doctrinal analysis of Article 14, the foundational equality clause of the Indian Constitution. Article 14 establishes “equality before law” and “equal protection of laws,” combining Dicey’s rule of law with the American concept of affirmative legislative protection. The core judicial standard—reasonable classification—requires an intelligible differentia and a rational nexus with the object of the statute. Over time, the Supreme Court has expanded Article 14 through the doctrine of arbitrariness, transforming it into a direct limitation on State action even without classification.

The evolution of Article 14 is examined through landmark judgments, beginning with A.K. Gopalan, moving to the transformative decisions in E.P. Royappa and Maneka Gandhi, and continuing with Ajay Hasia, Shayara Bano, and recent digital-era equality cases. The lecture also situates Article 14 within the Basic Structure framework, demonstrating its centrality to substantive due process and constitutional governance.

This session is essential for UPSC Law Optional, CLAT PG, Judiciary and UGC-NET Law, where Article 14 regularly appears in doctrinal, problem-based and case-law driven questions.
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