Crime and Delinquency: Types, Causes, Remedies, Juvenile Crime | Sociology

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Introduction
Crime committed by youth
Juvenile Justice Act, 1986
Status offences – truancy, immorality
Violation of criminal code
Patterns of behaviour
Types of Juvenile crimes
By Trojanowicz:
Accidental
Unsocialized
Professional
Gang organized

By Hirsh :
Incorrigibility – disobedience, rebel
Truancy – skipping school
Larceny - petty theft to armed robbery
Destruction of property – public and private
Violence – may use weapons
Sex offences

By Eaton and Polk:
Minor violations – eg breaking traffic light
Major violations – eg thefts
Property violation – trespassing
Addiction – alcoholism or drugs
Bodily harm – murder or rape
Types of crimes
Individual crimes – psychological issues – faulty family – economic hardships
Group supported crimes – By Sutherland – companionship of family or peer – Differential association – learnt from who ?
Organized crimes – By Cohen – criminal sub culture – guided by norms of that group
Situational crimes – heat of the moment – no deep rooted intention
Causes
Psychological factors – personality disorders
Family environment – early childhood experiences – emotional deprivations – family tension – parental rejection or neglect
Peer group
Neighbourhood – conflicts – anti social values
Mass media – pornographic literature or cinema – influenced by villains – techniques imitated
Remedies
Therapy - Psychological
Social engineering – dealing with conditions of social structure
Reality therapy – concerned with present behaviour
Active therapy – release emotions – friendly environment – free to express
Environment therapy
Behaviour therapy
Counselling
Probation hostels, Parole services

Establishing and coordinating welfare schools, rescue homes, orphanages
Social case work
Greater family attention
Primary Prevention
Rehabilitation or secondary prevention
Preventive programmes for runaway children
Positive communication
Coordination between various institutions like Police, Judiciary, NGOs etc.
Chapters:
0:00 Crime and Delinquency
0:08 Crime
0:29 Delinquency
0:51 Types of Juvenile Crimes
1:19 Types of Juvenile Crimes by Hirsh
2:10 By Eaton and Polk
2:39 Types of Crimes
2:44 Individual Crimes
3:24 Group Supported Crimes
3:49 Organized Crimes
4:27 Situational Crimes
4:49 Causes
6:25 Remedies
9:44 Questions
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