Seals of Harappan Civilization 1 || Ancient History || History of India

Описание: What are seals of Harappan civilization?
Which is the famous seal of Harappan civilization?
What is bull seal in Harappan civilization?
How many seals have been discovered in Harappan civilization?
What is the importance of the seals?
What are the uses of Harappan seals?
Who discovered Harappan seal?
What is the importance of Harappa bull seal?
What is bull seal made of?
What was made on Harappan seals?
What are seals made of?
Are Harappan seals made of metal?
Who prepared seals?

In the ancient civilization of the Indus Valley, small objects called seals were carved out of stone and burned to make them durable.
These seals were used for commercial purposes such as sealing the mouth of jars by pressing the seals against soft clay, making clay tags for sacks that carried goods to various destinations and were also used in trading activities. Used to go A large number of seals were discovered in Lothal, the port city of the Indus Valley Civilization.
Many Harappan seals were also discovered along the coasts of Mesopotamia, Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. Similarly, Mesopotamian seals were found at Lothal. This confirms the fact that seals were used in trading activities and trade took place between the two great ancient civilizations of the world (Harappan and Mesopotamian civilizations).
The seals found at different sites of the Indus Valley Civilization are of different sizes and shapes. Shapes of seals include triangle, square, rectangle and circle. However, the square shaped seals of the Harappan civilization outnumbered other figures.
Most of these seals were made of a material called steatite, a relatively soft stone found in river beds. In addition, materials such as copper, terracotta, chert, faience and agate were also used to make those seals. In recent years, archaeologists have also unearthed gold and ivory seals from Harappan sites.
Some seals of Harappan civilization have been found on the dead bodies. These seals have a hole for the thread, possibly, they were used as amulets or worn as necklaces.
Most of the seals have symbolic or pictorial scripts on one side, which are believed to be the script of the Indus Valley Civilization. Most of these scripts were written from right to left. However, there are some seals where the bidirectional style (i.e. right to left on one line and left to right on the following line) has been used to write those scripts.
On the other side of the seals, the surfaces were engraved with animal marks. Animal motifs of tiger, buffalo, elephant, rhinoceros, bison, goat, rhinoceros, ibex, humpback bull, crocodile etc. were used.
The most distinctive seal of the Harappan civilization is the square shape with a set of symbols at the top, an animal in the center and one or more symbols at the bottom.
The most famous seal is the Pashupati seal of the Harappan civilization. It is a steatite seal in which a human figure, possibly a deity seated cross-legged, was carved. The deity is considered to be Pashupati. In the seal, he is depicted wearing a three-horned cap and surrounded by animals – an elephant and a tiger on the left, a rhinoceros and a buffalo on the right and two antelopes.

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