eMudhra Security Incident Explained | What Went Wrong? | Cybersecurity | UPSC | Drishti IAS English

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Understand the eMudhra Security Incident 2026, compromised digital certificates, weak cryptographic keys, Google and Mozilla's response, and the MeitY investigation in this UPSC-focused explanation of one of India's important Cybersecurity and Digital Governance Current Affairs developments.
The eMudhra digital certificate security incident, reported in October 2026, has raised concerns about HTTPS security, digital certificates, online authentication, cryptographic encryption, and internet trust infrastructure. The incident involved eight intermediate Certificate Authorities (CAs) associated with eMudhra's international operations, where weak cryptographic private keys were generated during a key-generation process in April 2025.
In this session, we explain what went wrong with eMudhra's digital certificates, how cryptographic keys secure online communication, and why weak encryption keys can create cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
The discussion covers the role of Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox, which blocked the affected certificates to protect users against potential website impersonation, fraudulent HTTPS certificates, and risks to encrypted internet communications.
We also examine the investigation initiated by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) and the cybersecurity advisory issued by the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In).
Special emphasis is placed on understanding the difference between Digital Certificates, Digital Signatures, Certificate Authorities, Intermediate CAs, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), HTTPS, Transport Layer Security (TLS), and Code-Signing Certificates.

Stay connected with Drishti IAS English for exam-oriented explanations of Science & Technology, Cybersecurity, Digital Governance, Internal Security, and UPSC Current Affairs 2026.



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