Who were the Huns?

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The Huns - an infamous name associated with rapacious nomadic warriors, hell bent upon the destruction of the Western Roman Empire. At least, this is the traditional historical narrative that springs to mind when we hear the word ‘Hun’. However, there is far more to the huns than simply their love of raiding and their thirst for plunder. Through a combination of force of arms and astute political manoeuvring, the Huns were able to assert themselves as the pre-eminent power in the west, drawing tribute from both Eastern and Western Roman Empires. In the east, the White Huns, a near unknown branch of the wider Hunnic people, founded a similarly vast and complex empire, encompassing huge tracts of inner asia and the indian subcontinent.

While the Hunnic empires may have been short lived, their impact was enormous. Hunnic political hegemony stretched over the Roman and Persian empires, even leading to a lull in conflict between these ancient adversaries. In the west, the chain reaction of barbarian migrations set off by the Huns arrival on the great Hungarian plain arguably spelt the beginning of the end for the western Roman empire, leading to its fall decades later. It has even been suggested that the Huns’ heavy use of cavalry led to the development of the mounted knight in western warfare which became a staple during the medieval period. Therefore today we will delve into the history of this fascinating people, and attempt to answer this question: who were the Huns?



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Sources:
Kim, Hyun Jin. The Huns. Routledge, 2015.
Pritsak, Omeljan. "The Hunnic Language of the Attila Clan". In Havard Ukrainian Studies,, Volume 6, Number 4, December 1982.
Maenchen-Helfen, Otto. The world of the Huns; studies in their history and culture. Berkley, 1973.
Zosimus. New History. London, Green and Chaplain, 1814.
Dennis, George T (trans.). Maurice's Strategikon: Handbook of Byzantine Military Strategy
Blockley, R. C. The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire. 1983.


Music:
Europa - Tecnosine
Europa - Ambient Jam
Stones - Future Forests
Incantation - Scott Buckley
Shadows and Dust - Scott Buckley
Beautiful Wonder - Aylex


All materials are used under fair use for education and commentary.
Picture and source credits: https://sites.google.com/view/the-his....


0:00 - Intro
3:49 - Origins
8:42 - The White Huns
13:32 - The European Huns
19:43 - Society
23:48 - Culture
26:35 - Warfare
31:17 - Economy
37:43 - Art
39:53 - Language
43:26 - Religion
49:34 - Attila the Hun
58:01 - Decline and Fall