RNA simplified

Описание: 1. RNA’s Role in Protein Synthesis: RNA plays a central role in protein synthesis. During a process called transcription, RNA is synthesized from a DNA template. The resulting RNA molecule, known as messenger RNA (mRNA), carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. At the ribosomes, the mRNA is translated into a specific sequence of amino acids, which then folds into a functional protein.
2. Types of RNA: There are several types of RNA with distinct roles in the cell. Besides mRNA, there are transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, which help bring the amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a major component of ribosomes and is involved in catalyzing the protein synthesis process. Additionally, there are small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) molecules, which participate in the processing and modification of other RNA molecules.
3. Non-Coding RNA: Not all RNA molecules encode for proteins. In fact, a significant portion of the genome produces non-coding RNA molecules that have regulatory functions in gene expression. For example, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation, affecting mRNA stability and translation. These non-coding RNAs have been implicated in various cellular processes, including development, disease, and gene regulatory networks.

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