Why don’t penguins’ feet freeze in the Antarctic?

Описание: Penguins’ feet resist freezing due to a specialized heat-exchange system known as counter-current circulation. Warm blood flowing from the body warms the cold blood returning from the feet, conserving body heat. Additionally, their feet have minimal soft tissue and a high concentration of fat, reducing heat loss.
Penguins also limit blood flow to their extremities in extreme cold, reducing temperature gradients and preventing frostbite. These physiological adaptations enable penguins to maintain mobility and balance on ice without risking tissue damage.
Tags: #Penguins #ColdAdaptations #FeetProtection #Antarctica
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