Hybridization | sp3 sp2 and sp hybridization of carbon | Hybridization of Carbon

Описание: In this video, we will be discussing the concept of hybridization of carbon atoms.

Carbon has a valence of 4 and can form four covalent bonds with other atoms. To explain the bonding behavior of carbon, we use the concept of hybridization, where atomic orbitals of different energy levels combine to form new hybrid orbitals with different energies and shapes.

There are three types of hybridization that carbon can undergo: sp3, sp2, and sp hybridization. In sp3 hybridization, the carbon atom forms four equivalent hybrid orbitals by mixing one s orbital and three p orbitals. This type of hybridization is commonly found in compounds such as methane, ethane, and propane.

In sp2 hybridization, the carbon atom forms three equivalent hybrid orbitals by mixing one s orbital and two p orbitals. The remaining p orbital is used to form a π bond with another atom. This type of hybridization is commonly found in compounds such as ethene and propene.

In sp hybridization, the carbon atom forms two equivalent hybrid orbitals by mixing one s orbital and one p orbital. These two hybrid orbitals are used to form two σ bonds with two other atoms. This type of hybridization is commonly found in compounds such as ethyne.

Understanding the concept of hybridization is important in predicting the geometry and reactivity of organic molecules. Watch this video to learn more about sp3, sp2, and sp hybridization of carbon atoms.

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