Why Western Empires Keep Misreading China (From Day One) (Part 2(

Описание: Why does the West consistently fail to predict China’s next move? From the Opium Wars to today’s high-tech trade wars, Western powers have applied a "Chess" mindset—seeking decisive victories and total conversion—to a player who is actually playing "Go" (Weiqi). In this video, we explore the deep strategic and historical roots of this misinterpretation. Using Henry Kissinger’s famous analogy, we break down why the West's expectation for China to "become just like us" was a fundamental error. Discover how China's identity as a "Civilization-state" and its focus on long-term strategic encirclement allows it to outlast its rivals and why understanding this shift is the key to surviving the new era of global competition.

References and Sources
Kissinger, H. (2011). On China. Penguin Press. (Strategic comparison of Chess and Weiqi).
Jacques, M. (2009). When China Rules the World. Penguin Books. (Concept of the Civilization-state).
U.S. Department of State. "The Opening to China Part I: 1839–1844." (Historical background on the Opium Wars and early misreads).
Brookings Institution. "How China bucked Western expectations and what it means for world order." (Analysis of the failed convergence theory).
Irregular Warfare Center. "Contrasting Chinese and American Approaches to Irregular Warfare." (Technical breakdown of Chess vs. Go in military strategy).
Fair Observer. "America Misread China's History and Helped Build Its Global Power." (Analysis of historical naivety in U.S. policy).
Alain Peyrefitte – The Immobile Empire

J.L. Cranmer-Byng – An Embassy to China
Alastair Iain Johnston – Cultural Realism
David Lai – “Learning from the Stones: A Go Approach to Strategy” (US Army War College)
Odd Arne Westad – Restless Empire


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