Saponin Foam Test | Saponin Identification Test | Phytochemical Test for Saponin | ENGLISH

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SAPONIN TEST (FOAM TEST)
Herbal drugs are one of the most used sources of the drug. this gives beneficial action without or fewer side effects. but when these herbal drugs are adulterated with substandard drug or superficially alike drug, its potency and quality changed. to check or evaluate the purity and quality of herbal drug we must go for a phytochemical screening test including- (1) Test for alkaloid (2) test for Flavonoid (3) test for Tennis (4) test for saponin (5) test for cardiac glycoside etc. in pharmacognosy and botany practicals, these phytochemical test becomes very important to find out the presence of active constituents in given crude drug sample.

Saponins are a class of chemical compounds found in particular abundance in various plant species. More specifically, they are amphipathic glycosides grouped phenomenologically by the soap-like foaming they produce when shaken in aqueous solutions, and structurally by having one or more hydrophilic glycoside moieties combined with a lipophilic triterpene derivative.

Phytochemical test procedure for saponin-
1- Collect the powdered extract of crude drug for which test has to perform
2- Add sufficient quantity of water into the crude drug
3- Mix it well with the help of glass rod
4- Boil for few minutes to extract active constituents
5- Filter the extract to remove excess of materials
6- Take few ml of filtrate into test tube
7- Shake well
8- Foam will be produced
9- Wait and leave it for 05 minutes
10- Foam is still present. This test for saponin confirms the presence of saponin in given crude drug sample.

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