Laryngitis in hindi | definition | MSN | Notes | WMP

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यूट्यूब चैनल पर दी गई यह जानकारी केवल ज्ञान के उद्देश्य से है और यह विशिष्ट चिकित्सा स्थितियों के लिए कोई विकल्प या पेशेवर चिकित्सा सलाह या उपचार नहीं है। आपको चिकित्सकों की सलाह के बिना किसी स्वास्थ्य समस्या या बीमारी के निदान या उपचार के लिए इस जानकारी का उपयोग नहीं करना चाहिए। कृपया अपने शरीर की स्थिति के संबंध में किसी भी प्रश्न या चिंता के लिए अपने चिकित्सक से परामर्श लें।

Introduction:-
Laryngitis is a condition that causes inflammation of the voice box, or larynx. This inflammation can alter the way the vocal cords vibrate, which can lead to voice changes.

Laryngitis is an inflammation of your voice box (larynx) from overuse, irritation or infection. Inside the larynx are your vocal cords — two folds of mucous membrane covering muscle and cartilage. Normally, your vocal cords open and close smoothly, forming sounds through their movement and vibration.

Definition:-
•Laryngitis is infection and inflammation of larynx (Voice box), from overuse, irritation or infection.
•It leads to edema of laryngeal mucosa and underlying structures
•It can cause hoarseness or loss of voice

Types:-

Acute laryngitis:-
Acute laryngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the larynx accompanied by edema of the vocal cords

Chronic laryngitis:-
•Laryngitis that lasts for more than three weeks is known as chronic laryngitis. It occurs after repeated attack of acute laryngitis

•In this, dilated vessels are seen on the superior surface of vocal cords

ETIOLOGY:-
👉Viral infection:Rhinovirus, influenza virus
👉Bacterial infection:Group A streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae
👉Fungal infection:Histoplama, Candida
👉Inhaled fumes
👉Acid reflux disease
👉Allergies
👉Excessive coughing, Smoking or alcohol consumption
👉Overuse vocal cord: Singers, Teachers
👉Laryngeal trauma: laryngeal intubation
👉Asthama
👉Polluted air

Pathophysiology:-

Due to etiological factor
👇
Invasions of causative organisms into laryngeal mucosa
👇
Antigen-antibody reactions
👇
Inflammation of laryngeal mucosa
👇
Swelling of vocal cord or hoarseness of voice
👇
Laryngitis

Sign and symptoms:-

•Hoarseness of voice
•Weak voice or voice loss (Aphonia)
•Harsh cough (uncontrollable or painful cough)
•Pain
•Dysphagia
•Sore throat
•Fever
•Tickling sensation
•Swollen lymph nodes in the neck

Diagnostic evaluation:-

👉History taking
👉Physical examination
👉Laryngoscopy
👉Biopsy
👉CBC

Management:-

•Antiviral: Reduce viral infection e.g. Cyclovir, Acyclovir

•Antibiotics: Reduce bacterial infection e.g. Azithromycin, Amoxicillin

•Antihistamine: Reduce allergic reaction e.g. Cetirizine, Levocetirizine

•Proton pump inhibitors: Decrease acid release e.g. Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole

•Corticosteroid: Reduce inflammation e.g. Prednisolone, Dexamethasone

•Antipyretic:Control fever e.g. Acetaminophen, Paracetamol

•NSAIDs: Relieve pain, Decrease inflammation and reduce fever

•Vocal rest- Complete vocal rest is very important. Use of voice during laryngitis results in incomplete or delayed recovery.

•Steam inhalation- Inhaling humidified air and steam inhalation- enhance moisture of the upper airway liquefy secretions help in the removal of secretions and exudates.

•Avoidance of irritants, such as smoking and alcohol.

•Dietary modification is recommended for patients and avoiding spicy food, fatty foods, chocolate and peppermint.

•Advice patient to avoid exposure to chemicals or allergens such as pollens, dust, etc.



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