Convergent Evolution Vs Divergent Evolution: Shared Traits Explained

Описание: Pointed ears, blue skin, abnormal head, or reptilian jaws: there are a thousand ways in which science fiction literature, movies, and alleged eyewitness accounts have depicted Aliens visiting Earth. So different in height, shape, and somatic features, but still with one thing in common: a vaguely human appearance.
But if in the entertainment world, it is easier and cheaper to make up actors as humanoid E.T.'s rather than as shapeless blobs or tentacled octopuses--in the scientific debate the criteria are evidently different.
Yet there is no consensus among researchers as to what these possible neighbors from the next galaxy should look like: assuming and not assuming they exist, are they similar enough to us or so different that our minds cannot even imagine them?
Try to follow along and we will try to find out together. OK?

Some argue that it is futile to speculate on the nature of alien life; our imaginations would be too constrained by our own experience to be able to embrace the amazing heterogeneity and unusual possibilities perhaps realized in other worlds.

The Divergent Evolution: Do Aliens Have To Look Like Us?

One of the main lines of thought in contemporary astrobiology is that extraterrestrial intelligent life will be very similar to us in many ways, especially when higher levels of organization are considered. This is because the processes that give rise to life are assumed to operate independently of the environment, and also because physics severely limits the variety of feasible options. Therefore, the probability that intelligent life is evolving elsewhere in the cosmos may be very high, although the probability that it is humanoid in type may be very low. The truth is that we know very little. For example, we do not know if Earth was the lucky winner of a cosmic lottery or if life has appeared elsewhere in the universe. We do not even know if a hypothetical ET would follow the same laws that we know on the only planet that definitely supports life. There is little doubt that physical and chemical laws apply throughout the universe, but there is not the same certainty about biological laws. Frankly, if we were to encounter life on another planet, we might not even be able to recognize it. In short, our first contact with advanced aliens might be a blow to our self-esteem as we face, who knows, a more intelligent species than our own. But if that first contact ever happens, we should be prepared for another twist: the aliens may be so different from us that they won't even realize that we are sentient.

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Credits: Ron Miller, Mark A. Garlick / MarkGarlick.com ,Elon Musk/SpaceX/ Flickr
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00:00 Intro
00:02 The Convergetn Evolution
14:26 The Divergent Evolution
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