Waxes And Terpenoid Structure Functions | Class 11 (Urdu/Hindi)

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In This Video Lecture You Will Learn Basic Concept Of Waxes And Terpenoid.
lipid

Table of Contents

Waxes

A second group of neutral lipids that are of physiological importance, though they are a minor component of biological systems, are waxes. Essentially, waxes consist of a long-chain fatty acid linked through an ester oxygen to a long-chain alcohol. These molecules are completely water-insoluble and generally solid at biological temperatures. Their strongly hydrophobic nature allows them to function as water repellents on the leaves of some plants, on feathers, and on the cuticles of certain insects. Waxes also serve as energy-storage substances in plankton (microscopic aquatic plants and animals) and in higher members of the aquatic food chain. Plankton apparently use the biosynthesis of waxes to adjust their buoyant density and thus their depth in the ocean. It has been suggested that a major source of petroleum found in deep-sea sediments originates from the deposition of wax-rich dead plankton over vast periods of time. Whales and many fishes also store large quantities of waxes.

Terpenoids otherwise known as isoprenoids are a large and diverse class of naturally occurring compounds derived from five carbon isoprene units. Terpenoids are differentiated from one another by their basic skeleton and functional groups. Terpenoids are ubiquitous; thus, they are found in almost all classes of living organisms. They contribute to the flavor, scents, and color of plant's leaves, flowers, and fruits. Terpenoids are also essential for plant growth and development . The terpenoids produced by plants do not only protect them against insects and herbivores but also provide protection from fungal diseases and infestations, whereas in animals terpenoids serve as the precursor of steroid and sterols .


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