WELD DEFECTS

Описание: 𝟖 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐨𝐧 𝐖𝐞𝐥𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐃𝐞𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬 𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐄𝐧𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐞𝐫 𝐒𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰

Welding quality plays a critical role in structural integrity, safety, and long-term performance. The image below highlights some of the 𝗺𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗻 𝘄𝗲𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗱𝗲𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀 seen in fabrication, piping, and mechanical work.

Here’s a quick breakdown:

1️⃣ Crack

One of the most serious defects. Caused by high residual stress, rapid cooling, or improper welding sequence.

2️⃣ Porosity

Gas pockets trapped inside the weld metal. Mostly due to contaminated surfaces, moisture, or improper shielding gas.

3️⃣ Undercut

A groove along the weld toe. Happens due to excessive heat or incorrect travel speed, weakening the joint.

4️⃣ Collapse

Occurs when the weld pool lacks support—often due to poor technique or improper root gap.

5️⃣ Spatters

Small molten droplets around the weld area. Typically caused by incorrect voltage/amperage settings or poor shielding.

6️⃣ Oxidation / Blackening

Results from insufficient shielding gas, high temperature, or contaminated filler wire, leading to poor corrosion resistance.

7️⃣ Burning Through

Excessive heat melts through the base metal—common with thin materials or slow welding speeds.

8️⃣ Poor Forming / Improper Bead Shape

Incorrect weld bead profile due to wrong technique, heat input, or electrode angle.


💡 𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗺𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀:
Even one small defect can lead to:
✔ Joint failure
✔ Leakage in piping
✔ Structural weakness
✔ Rework and costly delays
✔ Safety hazards

Understanding these defects helps welders, inspectors, and design engineers improve quality control and ensure safer construction.