Creation of moon.

Описание: The Moon formed approximately 4.51 billion years ago, shortly after Earth's formation, most likely due to a giant impact between the proto-Earth and a Mars-sized body named Theia. Debris from this collision coalesced in orbit to form the Moon. It is Earth's only natural satellite, influencing tides, stabilizing Earth's axial tilt, and serving as a subject of exploration. 

This video explains the giant impact theory of the Moon's formation:



56s





National Geographic

YouTube • 26 Jul 2018

Origin Theories

Giant Impact Hypothesis (Widely Accepted): A Mars-sized object named Theia collided with the early Earth, ejecting material that eventually gathered to form the Moon.

Capture Theory: The Moon formed elsewhere in the solar system and was captured by Earth's gravity.

Accretion Theory: The Moon formed at the same time as Earth from the same material.

Fission Theory: The Moon broke away from a rapidly spinning Earth. 

Evolution and Geological History

Magma Ocean: Early in its history, the Moon was covered in a molten magma ocean.

Crust Formation: As it cooled, a crust formed, which was later battered by meteors, creating its cratered surface.

Volcanism: Lava later flowed into these impact basins, creating the dark, flat plains known as maria.

Composition: Analysis of Apollo samples reveals a similar composition to Earth's mantle. 

Physical Changes

Proximity: The Moon was initially much closer to Earth, roughly ten times nearer than it is today.

Distance: It is slowly moving away from Earth at a rate of approximately 3.8 cm per year. 

Human Exploration and Significance

Observation: Ancient civilizations used the Moon for timekeeping and tracking seasons.

Exploration: The Apollo missions NASA Science (https://science.nasa.gov/moon/facts/) provided direct samples that allowed scientists to understand its history.

Water Ice: Modern NASA missions NASA Science (https://science.nasa.gov/moon/facts/) have identified water ice in permanently shadowed craters at the poles, which is crucial for future colonization. 

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