The Battle Of Cannae ( Historical )

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The Battle of Cannae
August 2nd, 216 B.C.

Generals
Hannibal Gaius Terentius Varro
Marharbal Lucius Aemilius Paullus
Mago

Strength of Forces
Carthage Rome (8 Legions)
50,000 86,400-90,000
32,000 Heavy Infantry 40,000 Roman Infantry
8,000 Light Infantry 40,000 Allied Infantry
10,000 Cavalry 2,400 Roman Cavalry
4,000 Allied Cavalry

Causalities/Losses
Carthage Rome
5,700 -- Polybius 53 -- 75,000 Roman and Allied Infantry
4,000 Gaul's 2,700 Roman and Allied Cavalry
1,500 Spanish/Punic 10,000 captured

I will either find a way, or make one
Hannibal, Carthaginian General and Tactician

It is summer, 216 B.C.
After recovering from their loses at Trebia and Lake Trasimene, and even resorting to electing Fabius Maximus as dictator to eventually abandon his command and his containment strategy, the Romans elect two new consuls, Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Tarentius Varro, to engage Hannibal with an army made up of 8 Legions, roughly 90,000 strong, to finally put an end to Hannibal's reign on the battlefield.

The two consuls resolved to confront Hannibal, marching southward from Rome to find the Carthaginians at Cannae. Once discovered, the Romans encamped six miles away on the opposite side of the Aufidus River.

On the day of the battle, Varro, in command of the army, arranged the Romans in of the hill leading to Cannae to the right of the Aufidus River. Varro wants to quickly smash the inferior Carthaginian infantry to the more numerous and superior Roman infantry with Hannibal having no easy escape route with the river to his back. The Battle of Cannae is on.

Hannibal, knowing the strengths and weaknesses of his men, positions the Gallic and Iberian swordsmen in the center, with his Punic veteran phalanxes stationed on both wings

Hasdrubal, in command of the Iberian and Gallic cavalry, is stationed on the left flank,

Hanno, commanding the seasoned Numidian cavalry on the right flank, is on the right flank

As the Romans advance, Hannibal extends the center of the infantry line, the Iberians and Gauls, to make a crescent-shaped formation curving out towards the Roman center

Thus the Battle of Cannae begins

The Carthaginian cavalry engage the inferior roman cavalry on both wings

The Hispanic and Gallic cavalry gain the upper hand and cut down the roman cavalry with no mercy

On the other wing, the numidian cavalry merely keep the Allied roman cavalry occupied, being outnumbered on the left

After seeing the Numidians having trouble with the more numerous Allied cavalry, Hasdrubal sends his victorious Iberians and Gauls to swoop around the Roman main force to finish off the remaining Roman Cavalry

Meanwhile, the Roman and Carthaginian heavy infantry begin to engage in the center, where Hannibal stood to control his men from retreating

This is when Hannibal instructs the Iberian and Guals to gradually withdraw, creating a semicircle around the advancing Romans

Varro, seeing the center giving in, orders his men to press forward to crush Hannibal and split his forces in two
The Romans begin to pour themselves into the center in an attempt to break up and overwhelming the shallower Carthaginian center

The bulk of the romans begin to lose their cohesion

Soon they are compacted together, closely, shoulder to should. Unable to raise their swords and shields in self-protection from their Carthaginian foes

Now the Punic phalanxes on both wings, fresh and uncommitted, turn inwards on the roman flanks and begin to skewer them from both sides

The victorious Carthaginian cavalry, after finally driving off the roman cavalry, burst towards the tightly compacted Roman infantry and smash into the rear

The encirclement is complete

The annihilation of the 8 roman Legions has begun



After nine hours of pure slaughter, the roman and allied causalities amass to 70,000 slain, 10,000 captured, with only 370 roman cavalry surviving