How Nano Patterns Are Made? Building Electronic Chips

Описание: The photolithography process is a cornerstone of modern CPU production. It begins with a silicon wafer, a thin slice of pure silicon that serves as the foundation. A light-sensitive material called photoresist is applied to the wafer, coating it evenly.

Using a precise optical system, ultraviolet light shines through a photomask—a stencil-like pattern representing the circuit design—onto the photoresist. The light alters the chemical properties of the photoresist in the exposed areas, making them soluble for removal in the next step. This process etches intricate patterns onto the wafer.

These patterns form the blueprint for the transistors and circuits that make up a CPU. Layer by layer, with different photomasks and materials, the process is repeated, creating complex 3D structures. Finally, the patterned wafer is baked, polished, and processed further, eventually becoming the brain of your computer. Photolithography is where precision meets innovation, enabling the incredible computing power we rely on every day.


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