The making of nationalism in Europe [ visualizing the nation ] part 8

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Short Notes: Visualising the Nation

1. Personifying the Nation:

In the 18th and 19th centuries, nations were personified as female figures to give them a face and identity.

These figures were sym



2. Use of Allegory:

An allegory is a symbolic representation where abstract ideas like liberty or freedom are expressed through a person or image.

Allegorical figures helped in visualising the nation as a living identity.



3. French Example – Marianne:

Marianne was the allegory of the French nation.

She symbolized liberty and the Republic, often shown with a red cap, tricolour, and cockade.

Her image appeared on coins and stamps.



4. German Example – Germania:

Germania became the personification of the German nation.

She is often shown wearing a crown of oak leaves, symbolizing heroism and strength (oak is a symbol of Germany).



5. Painting of Germania:

A painting of Germania by Philip Veit was made in 1848.

It was meant to hang from the ceiling of St. Paul’s Church during the Frankfurt Parliament session.



6. New Word: Allegory:

Allegory means expressing an abstract idea through a symbolic figure or object.

An allegorical story usually has two meanings: literal and symbolic.