India's Most Chilling Historical Event: The Kashmir Exodus

Описание: For centuries, Kashmir was home to Muslims and Hindus alike. Despite religious differences, historic discrimination, and episodes of violence, members of both faiths shared a common land, language, and culture there. This common identity, known as Kashmiriyat, united Kashmir’s residents with a sense of community and loyalty.

In 1989, this unity was shattered with the outbreak of an insurgency that rages to this day. A wave of monstrous killings and brutal repression created the conditions for a massive exodus of nearly all of Kashmir’s Hindus.

Today on A Day In History, we’ll discover what led to this mass movement of people. We’ll see how the Kashmir Valley unravelled and descended into violence, how public lynchings and sexual violence become the norm, and why this exodus of over 100,000 people is so easily forgotten. If that sounds interesting to you, then remember to leave a like on this video and subscribe to our channel for more interesting historical topics.

Kashmir

When India and Pakistan gained independence in August 1947, the fate of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir was undecided. Kashmir’s Muslim majority were inclined to Pakistan but the Hindu authorities leaned towards India. A Muslim rebellion broke out with assistance from Pakistan, prompting the Maharaja to ask for Indian intervention in exchange for joining India. The First Kashmir War set the tone for Indo-Pakistani relations and when it ended in January 1949, it left Kashmir divided between the two nations.

The majority of Kashmir remained Muslim under Indian rule, but within this new democratic structure they were able to wield power instead of the Hindu minority. Muslims dominated politics, economics, and society in post-1947 Kashmir while Hindus faced mounting discrimination. Hindus had their land taken and redistributed, were denied promotions and jobs, and had little in the way of political power. Meanwhile, Kashmir’s Muslims were partial towards Pakistan which led to tension with Indian authorities and security forces, who reacted harshly to any whispers of Kashmiri separatism and passed oppressive laws to counter it.

In time, Islamic militancy grew in the valley.. The Jamaat-e-Islami group worked its influence through schools, mosques, and political activism to encourage separatist and anti-India feeling in Kashmir. Meanwhile Pakistan was eager to support this - after all, India had helped Bangladesh break away in 1971 and it was eager to repay the favor by splitting off a piece of India. Pakistan began funding and arming militant groups in Kashmir and encouraging violence, most notably the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF).

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Sources:
Shalha Hussain, Kashmir in the Aftermath of Partition, (2021)

Jammu Kashmir Sahayata Samiti, Genocide of Hindus in Kashmir, (1991)

Colonel Tej K. Tikoo, Kashmir: Its Aborigines and Their Exodus, (2013)

Sumatra Bose, Kashmir at the Crossroads: Inside a 21st-Century Conflict, (2021)

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