Restriction enzyme- Endonuclease by Dheerendra Kumar
Автор: Dr. Dheerendra Kumar
Загружено: 2020-12-29
Просмотров: 744
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#GATE BIOTECHNOLOGY
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#A restriction enzyme is a nuclease enzyme that cleaves DNA sequence at a random or specific recognition sites known as restriction sites.
Restriction enzymes have been used as an essential tool in recombinant DNA technology/ Genetic Engineering.
In bacteria, restriction enzymes form a combined system, i.e. restriction and modification system, with modification enzymes that methylate the bacterial DNA.
Methylation of bacterial DNA at the recognition sequence protects the own DNA of the bacteria from being cleaved by restriction enzyme.
#There are two different kinds of restriction enzymes:
(1) Exonucleases -catalyses hydrolysis of terminal nucleotides from the end of DNA or RNA molecule either 5’to 3’ direction or 3’ to 5’ direction. Example: exonuclease I, exonuclease II etc.
(2) Endonucleases –It can recognize specific base sequence (restriction site) within DNA or RNA molecule and cleave internal phosphodiester bonds within a DNA molecule. Example: EcoRI, Hind III, BamHI etc.
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