Conformity and Deviance: Robert K. Merton - Innovation, Ritualism, Retreatism, Rebellion | Sociology

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Universal phenomena
Confirmation with norms and values of the society
Eg. Abiding by college curriculum to earn a degree
Individuals think and act according to the norms of the society
Deviance is deviating from the social norms

Innovation
Rejects the means but still tries to achieve the goal
Example: Black money
Ritualism
Emphasis on means but ignorant towards goals
Example: Day dreamers
Retreatism
Rejecting both means and goals
Withdraw themselves from society
Example: Hippies

Rebellion
They reject both means and goals
Establish new means and goals for the society
Example: Revolutionaries
Develops structural strain
Leads to deviance
To be studied in socio-cultural context and not from individual point of view


Chapters:
0:00 Conformity and Deviance
0:51 Introduction
1:54 Biological Theory
2:22 Psychological Theory
3:05 Value Consensus
4:14 Merton’s Theory
4:17 A society free of Crime is a myth
4:29 Merton Studied American Society
6:02 Conformity
6:20 Four Types of Responses of Individuals to Deviance
6:29 Innovation
6:50 Ritualism
7:12 Retreatism
7:39 Rebellion
8:25 Criticism
9:54 Conclusion
10:50 Note
11:02 Questions
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