Geocentric Planetarium in the Antikythera Mechanism - Evidence and Reconstruction

Описание: 0:00 Introduction
0:49 Sun and Moon
1:43 The Planets
2:13 Inscriptions
2:48 Cicero and planetariums in Antiquity
4:48 Ancient Greek cosmos, sphere model and epicycle theory
5:59 The earth as a relative reference system
7:06 Mean solar year and Egyptian calendar
7:24 True position of the sun
8:03 Moon mechanism, anomalistic month, pin-and-slot gearing
8:32 Preserved evidence for a geocentric planetarium
8:51 Geocentric planetary positions (sidereal or synodic)
9:13 Reconstructions by Micheal Wright
9:39 Reconstruction Evans / Carman / Thorndike (2010)
10:36 Reconstruction Carman / Thorndike / Evans (2012)
12:01 Reconstruction Freeth / Jones (2012)
14:32 Reconstruction Diolatzis / Pavlogeorgatos (2018)
15:32 Reconstruction Freeth / Higgon / Dacanalis / MacDonald / Georgakoploulou / Wojcik (2021)
17:34 Conclusion
18:48 Credits

Sources:

"A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism"', Tony Freeth, David Higgon, Aris Dacanalis, Lindsay MacDonald, Scientific Reports (2021)
(Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...

"Building the Cosmos in the Antikythera Mechanism"', Tony Freeth and Alexander Jones, Antikythera Mechanism Research Project, 2012,, Proceedings of Science'

"Solar Anomaly and Planetary Displays in the Antikythera Mechanism"', James Evans, Christián C. Carman, Alan S. Thorndike, Science History Publications Ltd, 2010

"On the pin-and-slot device of the Antikythera Mechanism, with a new application to the superior planets", Christián C. Carman, Alan S. Thorndike and James Evans, Science History Publications Ltd, 2012

"Antikythera mechanism - A compound epicyclic gearing for Venus", Ioannis S. Diolatzis, Gerasimos Pavlogeorgatos, Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, Vol. 12, March 2019, e00089, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

"Decoding the Antikythera Mechanism: Investigation of an Ancient Astronomical Calculator 2 Supplementary Notes", T. Freeth, Y. Bitsakis, X. Moussas, J.H. Seiradakis, A. Tselikas, E. Magkou, M. Zafeiropoulou, R. Hadland, D. Bate, A. Ramsey, M. Allen, A. Crawley, P. Hockley, T. Malzbender, D. Gelb, W. Ambrisco, M.G. Edmunds, ResearchGate, November 2006, https://www.researchgate.net/publicat...

"The Planetarium of Archimedes", Michael Wright (2012)
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper...

"De re publica" (Vom Staat), Marcus Tullius Cicero, Latein / German, translated and published by Michael von Albrecht, Reclams Universalbibliothek Nr. 18880

"De natura deorum" (Über das Wesen der Götter), Marcus Tullius Cicero, Latein / German, translated and published by Ursula Blank-Sangmeister, Reclams Universalbibliothek Nr. 6881

Illustration credits:

"Bust of Cicero", Author: José Luiz Bernardes Ribeiro,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... (Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...

"Poseidonios", Source: Baumeister: Denkmäler des klassischen Altertums. 1888. Vol. III., page 1396. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:P... (public domain)

"Clay tablet with two columns of inscription. Astronomical treatise, tablet 1 of the series Mul-Apin ("the plough star")", The British Museum, Asset number 152339001, https://www.britishmuseum.org/collect...
(Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...

"Gearing layout proposed by Michael T. Wright for planetary indication on the Antikythera mechanism." https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Author: Lead holder (Wikipedia account), License: Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...

"A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism",
Tony Freeth, David Higgon, Aris Dacanalis, Lindsay MacDonald, Myrto Georgakopoulou & Adam Wojcik, Scientific Reports (2021), Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...

Fig. 1 (a) Front Cover, Front Plate, Back Plate, Back Cover
Fig. 1 (b) Front Cover Inscription
Fig. 4 (a) Photograph of Fragment A
Fig. 4 (m) Computer reconstruction showing b1
Fig. 4 (n) Strap on the short pillars
Fig. 4 (o) Circular Plate (CP) on the long pillars
Fig. 5 (c) Venus
Fig. 6 (b) The mechanism seen from the back of the CP
Fig. 6 (e) Close-up of output tubes
Fig. 6 (f) Exploded model of Cosmos gearing
Fig. 7 Computer model of the cosmos display