Carboxylic Acid Methods Of Preparation (part-2) | Chemistry 12th state board | by Vilas Academy

Описание: Summary
Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids (R–COOH)
1. From Primary Alcohols and Aldehydes (Oxidation)
Primary alcohols → Aldehydes → Carboxylic acids
CH₃CH₂OH → CH₃CHO → CH₃COOH (using [O])
2. From Alkyl Benzenes (Side-Chain Oxidation)
Toluene or other alkyl benzene → Aromatic carboxylic acid
C₆H₅CH₃ → C₆H₅COOH (using KMnO₄)
3. From Nitriles (Hydrolysis)
R–CN + H₂O → R–COOH + NH₃ (acidic or basic hydrolysis)
4. From Grignard Reagents
R–MgX + CO₂ → R–COOH (acid work-up)
5. From Haloform Reaction (for Methyl Ketones)
CH₃COR + 3X₂ + NaOH → RCOONa → RCOOH
6. From Carboxylation of Sodium Acetylide
RC≡CNa + CO₂ → RC≡C–COONa → RC≡C–COOH

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