Balancing of Rotating Masses | Theory of Machines | ME

Описание: REAL LIFE APPLICATION:

Balancing of rotating masses is important to avoid vibration. In heavy industrial machines such as gas turbines and electric generators, vibrations can cause catastrophic failure, as well as noise and discomfort

Explanation:

.Unbalanced forces are produced in rotary and reciprocating machinery due to the inertia forces associated with the moving masses.

Balancing is the processes of designing or modifying the machinery so that unbalance is reduced to an acceptable level and if possible eliminated entirely.

A revolving rotor experiences centrifugal force, the centrifugal force remains balanced as long as the centre of mass of the rotor lies on axis of the shaft. When the centre of mass does not lies on the axis or there is an eccentricity, an unbalanced centrifugal force is produced .This is a disturbing force on axis of rotation, magnitude of this force is constant but the direction of this force changes with the rotation of rotor. Since this unbalanced force is dynamic in nature vibrations are produced in machines having unbalanced rotating masses due to this performance and running life of the machine decreases.

This type of unbalance forces is very common in steam turbine rotors, engine crankshafts, rotary compressors and centrifugal pumps. Most of the serious problems encountered in high-speed machinery are direct result of unbalanced forces.

Most common approach for balancing is by redistribution of mass i.e.., either by addition of mass or removing of mass, by adding or removing mass to the rotor we can shift centre of mass of the rotor such that centre of mass of the rotor coincides with axis of rotation.

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