5G Resource Grid

Описание: How 5G's Flexible Grid Dynamically Allocates Time & Frequency.

We've covered spectrum and frame structure. Now, let's zoom into the fundamental unit of allocation: the Resource Block (RB). This is where 5G's flexibility becomes tangible.

In 5G NR, resources aren't one-size-fits-all. The system dynamically shapes the time-frequency grid to match latency and bandwidth needs on the fly.

🔎 What is a Resource Block (RB)?
Think of it as the basic "chunk" of bandwidth:
• It's always 12 consecutive subcarriers.
• At 15 kHz spacing, that's 12 x 15 kHz = 180 kHz of bandwidth.

⚡ And what's a Resource Element (RE)?
This is the smallest unit:
• 1 subcarrier + 1 OFDM symbol.
• So, 1 RB = 12 subcarriers x 14 symbols = 168 REs per slot.

🚀 How Numerology Reshapes the Grid
This is the magic. Changing the numerology (subcarrier spacing) doesn't just change the bandwidth—it changes the speed.

👉 For 15 kHz Numerology:

RB Bandwidth: 180 kHz

Slot Duration: 1 ms

Ideal for broad coverage, similar to LTE.

👉 For 30 kHz Numerology:

RB Bandwidth: 360 kHz

Slot Duration: 0.5 ms

Twice the bandwidth, half the latency.

👉 For 60 kHz Numerology:

RB Bandwidth: 720 kHz

Slot Duration: 0.25 ms

Even wider bandwidth, crucial for URLLC.

💡 The Visual Takeaway:
As subcarrier spacing increases, the Resource Block becomes wider in frequency but shorter in time. This trade-off is how 5G sends data faster, slashing latency for critical applications.

This granular control over the time-frequency grid is a cornerstone of 5G's efficiency, enabling everything from massive IoT to mission-critical communications.

Want to build a practical, deep understanding of how these principles translate into real-world network performance?

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