Was Joan of Arc Actually A Warrior?

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---------------------THE FIGURE OF JOAN OF ARC AND HER TRAJECTORY-------------------------------------------------

The context in which Joan of Arc's story takes place is the Hundred Years' War, the conflict between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France that lasted, with some interruptions, from 1337 to 1453. The war broke out for various reasons, mainly because the English royal family of Plantagenet claimed the throne of France, being related to the French dynasty of Valois.

Although it is simplistically portrayed as a war between England and France, in reality, the context of the Hundred Years' War is much more complex and politically intricate. Its fourth phase, which began in 1423, sees on one side Charles VII of Valois, who controlled much of south-central France and who enjoyed the military support of the Kingdom of Scotland, and on the other side Henry VI of England, who controlled several portions of northern France and present-day Belgium, Brittany, and Gascony, and who also enjoyed the support of the Burgundians, who controlled not only Burgundy but also Flanders and Brabant.

The overall picture that emerged when Joan of Arc's figure appeared is essentially that of a French civil war between the Armagnacs and the Burgundians, from which the English crown seeks to take advantage to support its own rights to the French throne, and which consequently leads to an intervention by Scotland alongside the Armagnacs in an anti-English function.

Considering that in its middle phases the Hundred Years' War had also involved the Spanish kingdoms of Navarre, Aragon, and Castile, the Republic of Genoa, and the Kingdom of Bohemia, rather than a war between France and England, it should be considered one of the largest-scale conflicts in Central Europe during the Late Middle Ages.

Joan of Arc, born on January 6, 1412, in the small village of Domrémy in eastern France, was born into a peasant family. At thirteen, as she would testify during her trial, she began to have mystical visions of the Archangel Michael, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret, who would urge her to fight against the English invaders.

Joan took a vow of chastity, for which she was nicknamed "la Pucelle," meaning the young virgin. At sixteen, she presented herself to Robert de Baudricourt, commander of the French garrison in the small village of Vaucouleurs, managing to convince him to escort her to the presence of Charles VII.
Even at this juncture, what must have been Joan's undeniable gift emerges: an exceptional and decidedly uncommon charisma. Although de Baudricourt initially refused to accommodate her, Joan managed to involve the town's population with her passionate speeches, convincing them of her sacred mandate and her need to go to the court of the Dauphin of France, thus exerting indirect pressure on the nobleman, who found himself capitulating.

The girl managed to impress Charles VII, and not without first being subjected to multiple examinations by French ecclesiastical authorities who ascertained her good faith. Joan was then sent by the Dauphin of France to support the French troops engaged in holding the city of Orléans, besieged by the English. Orléans held both a symbolic and strategic role, and its fall into English hands would have irremediably decided the course of the war.
Upon arrival, Joan immediately confronted Jean de Dunois, the nobleman who commanded the defenses. In the following days, she pushed the French forces to launch a series of successful sorties against the surrounding English strongholds, which she led personally. She managed to break the siege and ultimately led to the retreat of the enemy army.

As the intensity of the conflict waned, both due to England's economic inability to sustain it and France's need to consolidate its domains, Joan began to become an increasingly marginal figure, until she found herself carrying forward what was in fact taking on the shape of a personal enterprise, with the support of an army of volunteers. Captured in battle by the Burgundians, Joan was ransomed not by Charles VII, but by the English crown, which arranged for her trial, carried out by ecclesiastical authorities on charges of heresy.

In 1431, at the age of 19, Joan of Arc, judged guilty, died burned at the stake.
#medievalhistory #womenwarriors #mythbusting