Hybridisation of BCl3 || sp2 hybridisation || Formation of Boron trichloride molecule

Описание: This video explains hybridisation and formation of BCl3 ( Boron trichloride) molecule from hybrid orbitals.
Hybridisation- The process of intermixing of orbitals of slightly different energies so as to produce a new set of orbitals of equivalent energy and shape.

condition for hybridisation
1.The orbitals present in valence shell of the atom are hybridised.
2. The orbitals undergoing hybridisation should have almost equal energy.
3. The number of hybrid orbitals should equal to number of atomic orbitals that get hybridised.
4. Promotion of electron is not essential prior to hybridisation.
5. Not only half filled orbitals, sometimes filled orbitals also involve in hybridisation.

SP2 hybridisation
In sp2 hybridisation, one s-orbital and two p-orbital of the valence shell intermix and form four sp2 hybridised orbitals.These hybrid orbitals directed towards the corners of equilateral triangle.There is 1/3 s-character and 2/3 p- character in sp2 hybrid orbital.
BCl3, Boron trichloride has sp2 hybridisation
Boron valence electrons -3
Electronic configuration of Boron in ground state 2s2 2px1
In excited state 2s12px12py1
Hybrid state. sp2 ( three orbitals)
Each hybrid sp2 orbital has one unpaired electron and these three orbitals overlap with 2p-orbital of Chlorine and form three B-Cl bonds.
The geometry of the molecule is Trigonal planar and bond angle between Cl-B-Cl is 120 degrees.