Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) in Football l Chris Nowinski, PhD and Kevin Bickart, MD PhD

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On this episode of the UCLA BrainSPORT Podcast, Adel discusses Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) with founder and CEO of the Concussion Legacy Foundation and former WWE professional wrestler, Dr. Chris Nowinski. Also joining the pair is UCLA Assistant Professor of Neurobehavioral and Sports Neurology, Dr. Kevin Bickart. The trio begin with a discussion on Miami Dolphins quarterback, Tua Tagoivaloa's multiple concussions experienced last season and their implications. They then go on to discuss CTE, the dementia diagnosed in a number of American football players after their deaths. Specific topics discussed include: what kinds of head injuries are believed to contribute to CTE, whether there is a causal relationship between repetitive head injuries and CTE, the particularly violent and aggressive behaviors demonstrated by certain football players who were diagnosed with CTE, and high-level ways to prevent CTE, including banning youth tackle football.

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0:00 Do Repeated Head Impacts Cause Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)?
1:24 Tua Tagovailoa’s Concussions
8:07 Tua’s Prognosis
9:18 Should Tua Retire?
13:23 Sub concussions, non-concussive head injuries, and CTE
18:53 Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms vs CTE
20:36 Prevalence of CTE
26:13 Violent Behavior in CTE
31:49 The Connection between CTE pathology and symptoms
36:06 The Bradford Hill Criteria applied to CTE
41:46 The Causal Relationship between repetitive head injuries and CTE
52:20 Changing football rules and policy
59:16 Future directions to prevent and treat CTE
1:05:01 Closing Remarks